Used Man Tgl 8.180*Thermoking*Lamberet*Alcoa*Klimaautom.* for sale (9,197)
Sort results
- Lowest price Highest price
- Newest listings Oldest listings
- Shortest distance Farthest distance
- Newest year of manufacture Oldest year of manufacture
- Latest update Oldest update
- Manufacturer A to Z Manufacturer Z to A
- Relevance
- Lowest price
- Price
- Highest price
- Price
- Newest listings
- Release date
- Oldest listings
- Release date
- Shortest distance
- Distance
- Farthest distance
- Distance
- Newest year of manufacture
- Year of construction
- Oldest year of manufacture
- Year of construction
- Latest update
- Update
- Oldest update
- Update
- Manufacturer A to Z
- Manufacturer
- Manufacturer Z to A
- Manufacturer
- designation from A to Z
- Description
- designation from Z to A
- Description
- Model from A to Z
- Model
- Model from Z to A
- Model
- Lowest reference
- Ref.No.
- Highest reference
- Ref.No.
- Shortest runtime
- Runtime
- Longest duration
- Runtime
- Relevance
- Relevance
Listing
Geffen
7,549 km
Box body
MANTGL 8.180 Bakwagen+Klep Dhollandia 1500 kg+Rols...
Call
Condition: used, mileage: 100,000 km, power: 132 kW (179.47 HP), first registration: 08/2023, fuel type: diesel, axle configuration: 4x2, fuel: diesel, color: white, gearing type: automatic, emission class: euro6, suspension: steel-air, permissible axle load (axle 2): 80 kg, loading space length: 6,100 mm, loading space width: 2,500 mm, loading space height: 2,500 mm, Year of construction: 2023, Equipment: ABS, air conditioning, central locking, cruise control, electric window regulation, navigation system, power mirror, tail-lift, Front axle: Steering; Tyre profile left: 90%; Tyre profile right: 90%; Suspension: leaf suspension
Rear axle: Double wheels; Max. axle load: 80 kg; Tyre profile left inner: 80%; Tyre profile left outer: 80%; Tyre profile right outer: 80%; Tyre profile right outer: 80%; Suspension: air suspension
Empty weight: 5.499 kg
Carrying capacity: 1.991 kg
GVW: 9.481 kg
Tail lift: Dhollandia, 1499 kg
= Additional options and accessories =
- Camera system
- Outside temperature display
- Radio
- Reversing camera
- Suspension seat 2x
- Visor
= Remarks =
Bsdpfx Ajzlrraemzjlk
New Tacho 2
4 Binding rails
Listing
Gütersloh
7,706 km
Van chassis
MANTGL 8.180 4X2 BL
Call
Condition: used, mileage: 92,900 km, power: 132 kW (179.47 HP), first registration: 03/2007, fuel type: diesel, empty load weight: 3,500 kg, maximum load weight: 3,990 kg, overall weight: 7,490 kg, axle configuration: 4x2, wheelbase: 3,900 mm, brakes: engine braking, color: white, driver cabin: day cab, gearing type: mechanical, emission class: euro4, suspension: steel-air, loading space length: 5,800 mm, Equipment: ABS, cruise control, differential lock, low noise, onboard computer, soot filter, trailer coupling, MAN TGL 8.180 4x2 chassis
First registered: 3/2007
Only 92,900 km with supporting documentation!!!
Euro 4 emission class
Short cab with 3 seats
Blodpfjzl Ek Nex Amzjk
Manual transmission
Air suspension on rear axle
2 trailer couplings
Wheelbase 3900 mm
Frame length 5800 mm
Tires 215/75 R17.5, tread depth approx. 70%
Unladen weight 3,500 kg
German vehicle from first owner, in good condition.
Export/net price: 7,900 Euros.
All information without guarantee, errors and omissions excepted.
Listing
Hamburg
7,698 km
Box van
MANTGL 8.180, Koffer, LBW, Schaltgetriebe, Export
Call
Condition: used, mileage: 670,110 km, power: 132 kW (179.47 HP), first registration: 09/2008, fuel type: diesel, overall weight: 7,490 kg, color: white, gearing type: mechanical, emission class: euro4, loading space length: 10,000 mm, loading space width: 2,450 mm, loading space height: 3,450 mm, Year of construction: 2008, Equipment: ABS, tail-lift, * Advertisement/Vehicle No.: MTG
* Office:
* WhatsApp:
* Email:
* Mobile:
* Email:
* Website:
We offer rental of various trucks + semi-trailer trucks + trailers for short- or long-term rental, 7.5t from €699.00 and 18t from €1,000.00 per month, available on short notice! Contact us.
1x MAN TGL 8.180 L box van – New batteries, brake module & control unit replaced!
Year of manufacture: 09-08
* Export model 09
* Chassis number: 9Y223XXX
* Mileage: 670,000 km
* Manual transmission
* Euro 4
* Tail lift BÄR 1.5t
* Leaf spring/air suspension
* Cargo space length 8.0m / interior height: 2.0m, interior width: 2.35m
* Cruise control
* Multifunction steering wheel
* Tires: 265/70 R17.5
* Spare wheel
* German vehicle
* Excellent tires – available from mid-week 30!
Net price – trade-ins possible –
Rental/financing/leasing brokerage –
Subject to changes, prior sale, typing errors, and mistakes!
We only deal with well-maintained German vehicles.
Our services: all customs/export documents, Euro 1
* Short-term license plate / 5 days
* Customs license plate / 30 days
* Vehicle delivery
* Vehicle collection
* Main inspection and safety check
Our contact details and opening hours:
* Office:
* WhatsApp:
* Mobile:
* Email:
Bjdpfx Amezlw Iyszjlk
* Website:
* Monday - Friday: 09:00 - 18:00
* Saturday: by appointment
Listing
Nürnberg
8,015 km
Refrigerated truck
MANTGL 12.220 Klima Kiesling ThermoKing T-1000R -20
Call
Condition: used, mileage: 780,505 km, power: 162 kW (220.26 HP), first registration: 06/2013, fuel type: diesel, overall weight: 11,990 kg, axle configuration: 2 axles, next inspection (TÜV): 11/2026, color: red, gearing type: automatic, emission class: euro5, loading space volume: 33 m³, loading space length: 6,550 mm, loading space width: 2,500 mm, loading space height: 2,070 mm, Equipment: ABS, air conditioning, parking heater, tail-lift, Vehicle No. for customer inquiries: 243
----Body:
* Manufacturer: Kiesling
* Tail lift: BÄR 1,500 kg
* Side door on the right side of the body
* Fully recessed anchor rails
* Fully recessed mounting rails
* Fully recessed floor mounting rails
* Cool Slide partition for the left compartment
* Cargo space dimensions: L: 6,550 mm, W: 2,500 mm, H: 2,070 mm
* Compartment width: Compartment 1: 1,577 mm / Compartment 2: 900 mm
Bedpfx Amezmbz Tezolk
* Payload: 4,400 kg
----Refrigeration unit:
* Thermo King T-1000R
* 2-chamber system
* 3 evaporators
* Suitable for deep-freeze and fresh transport
----Special equipment:
* Automatic climate control
* Engine brake
* Cruise control
* Vehicle with maintenance contract until 2018
* Service booklet up to 05/2024
* Rear impact bar
* Driver's seat armrest
* Audio system: MAN CD 24V radio
* Exterior mirrors, electrically adjustable and heated
* Exterior mirrors, wide-angle and electrically adjustable and heated, left
* Exterior mirrors, wide-angle and electrically adjustable and heated, right
* Battery: 155 Ah
* Co-driver's seat, comfort, air-suspended
* Curb mirror, right, electrically adjustable and heated
* Differential lock, rear axle
* Driver's seat, comfort, air-suspended
* Power windows
* Flame start system
* Transmission: 6-speed - Type: ZF 6 AS 800 OD, Tipmatic
* Sliding roof, mechanical
* Rocker arm - EVB brake
* Auxiliary heater: Eberspächer D4S
* Sun visor, exterior
* Power socket in the cab, 12V / 180 W
* Central locking
----Standard equipment:
* Axle configuration: 4x2
* Front/approach mirrors
* Anti-lock braking system (ABS)
* Safety belt warning indicator, left
* On-board computer: MAN-Tronic
* Compressed air connection, front
* Electronic braking system: MAN-Brakematic
* EURO 5 engine
* Cab: C (Compact)
* Suspension: Leaf spring / Air
* Windshield, tinted
* Generator: 28 V, 80 A
* Rear axle: HY-0925
* Body/superstructure: Chassis
* Fuel filter, heated
* Fuel tank: 150 liters
* Steering column (steering wheel), adjustable
* Raised air intake, dry air filter, lower right
* Engine: 4.6 liters - 162 kW, diesel
* Engine brake
* Radio preparation: 24V
* Spare wheel holder behind the rear axle
* Disc brake, rear axle
* Disc brake, front axle
* Mud flaps, front
* Side windows, tinted
* Stabilizer bar, rear axle
* Bumpers, plastic
* Door windows, tinted
* Underrun protection, rear
* Underrun protection, front
* Viscous fan
* Front axle: VOK-05, curved
* Permissible total weight: 11.99 t
----Technical data:
* Wheelbase: 4,500 mm
* Cargo space dimensions: L: 6,550 mm, W: 2,500 mm, H: 2,070 mm
* Compartment width: Compartment 1: 1,577 mm / Compartment 2: 900 mm
* Payload: 4,400 kg
* Tire size: 265/70 R17.5
* Tire tread: approx. 20% - 30%
----German vehicle!
* €11,900 net, plus VAT
* A deposit will be retained for export to third countries or the EU. This will be refunded to the buyer after successful customs clearance or delivery.
* Worldwide delivery possible - please ask us for your individual offer!
* We will gladly take your used vehicle in part exchange!
* Financing/leasing is also possible in difficult cases
* This description is for general identification purposes only and does not constitute a guarantee in the legal sense.
* The information does not claim to be complete. The information/descriptions/images provided are non-binding and do not constitute a guaranteed characteristic.
Listing
Cloppenburg
7,632 km
Car carrier van
ManTGL, LE 8.180 Autotransporter NL: 2940 kg AHK LUFTFEDERUNG
Call
Condition: used, mileage: 300,000 km, power: 132 kW (179.47 HP), first registration: 07/2003, fuel type: diesel, empty load weight: 4,550 kg, maximum load weight: 2,940 kg, overall weight: 7,490 kg, wheelbase: 4,250 mm, next inspection (TÜV): 08/2028, brakes: retarder, color: white, emission class: euro3, suspension: air, number of seats: 3, loading space length: 6,300 mm, loading space width: 2,300 mm, construction height: 2,700 mm, working width: 2,450 mm, Equipment: ABS, airbag, cable winch, cruise control, trailer coupling, Tow hitch up to 3.5 tons, analog tachograph, electrically heated exterior mirrors, electric windows on the right, sunroof, cruise control, exterior storage compartment, spare wheel with road tires, all-season tires, radio, Bluetooth, hands-free system, CD player, air suspension, storage package, heated driver's seat, tachometer, driver's airbag, anti-lock braking system (ABS), air-suspended seat, comfort seats, center armrest, lumbar support, retarder, electric winch (laterally adjustable) with remote control, headlight range adjustment, sun visor, marker lights, power steering, vehicle was in use with us for many years, new TÜV (technical inspection) for 1350.00 EUR + VAT. Towing and recovery body with ramps, trailer hitch on the loading platform, yellow warning lights, work lights, storage box on the left, rear window, driver comfort suspended seat with armrests, double passenger seat (foldable), wide-angle exterior mirror - right, underrun protection at the rear, aerodynamic deflectors on the sides, plastic bumper, front spoiler, double halogen headlights, disc brake front axle, disc brake rear axle, engine brake, front axle V9-42L, rear axle HY-0720, generator 55 A, 6-speed gearbox, EURO 3 engine, wheelbase 4250 mm, permissible total weight 7.49 t, axle configuration: 4x2, suspension: leaf spring / air, fuel tank 150 liters.
Financing example
Bedpfxjw Rdmue Amzjlk
* Cash price: 8,925.00 EUR
* Down payment: 1,785.00 EUR
* Term: 60 months
* Net loan amount: 7,140.00 EUR
* Effective annual interest rate: 6.49%
* Nominal interest rate (fixed) p.a.: 6.30%
* Gross loan amount: 8,343.00 EUR
* Monthly payment: 139.00 EUR
*Representative financing example from Targobank AG, Kasernenstr. 10, 40213 Düsseldorf for private customers, for which the car dealership acts as a loan intermediary. Creditworthiness required. The information also corresponds to the 2/3 example according to § 6a para. 3 PAngV.
Over 150 vans and buses in stock. Financing or leasing possible via Santander Consumer Bank, Targo Bank or Auto Europa Bank; we will be happy to advise you. This offer is non-binding, no guarantee for equipment details. The listed equipment may need to be checked separately. Subject to change, errors and prior sale. Delivery possible for an extra charge. Export license plates available here. Trade-in of your old vehicle. Retrofitting of: - Trailer couplings up to 3500 kg possible - Auxiliary heaters - Screen for rear-view camera and/or navigation via mobile phone (Android Auto) - Reversing system with rear camera - Workshop equipment - Cruise control - Retrofitting of a tailgate lift and other individual solutions for your business needs possible for an extra charge.
Listing
Vriezenveen
7,573 km
Aerial platform
MANTGL 8.180 Bison-Palfinger TKA 16 Hoogwerker, Hu...
Call
Condition: excellent (used), mileage: 103,675 km, power: 132 kW (179.47 HP), first registration: 06/2007, fuel type: diesel, axle configuration: 4x2, wheelbase: 3,050 mm, fuel: diesel, color: other, driver cabin: day cab, gearing type: mechanical, number of gears: 6, number of seats: 2, total length: 6,700 mm, total width: 2,520 mm, total height: 3,250 mm, Year of construction: 2007, Superstructure
Construction year: 2008
Bison - Palfinger Aerial Work Platform TKA 16
Working height: 16 m
Platform length: 1.22 m
Platform width: 0.83 m
Maximum horizontal reach: 10.6 m
Persons: 2
net load: 200 kg
Model series: TKA 16
Bljdpezkhcfsfx Amzjk
= More information =
General information
Cab: single
Registration number: BT-BH-06
Technical information
Number of cylinders: 4
Engine capacity: 4.580 cc
Front axle: Steering
Rear axle: Double wheels
Drive: Wheel
Make of engine: MAN
Weights
Empty weight: 7.080 kg
Carrying capacity: 920 kg
GVW: 8.000 kg
Functional
CE mark: yes
Maintenance, history and condition
APK (MOT): tested until 07/2027
Technical condition: very good
Visual appearance: very good
= Dealer information =
For more photos see:
Why you buy from Thomas Trucks? That choice is simple.
Thomas Trucks is one of the independent trading companies worldwide in the field of used commercial vehicles. Here you can choose from an ever-changing stock of second hand trucks, tractors, trailers and trailers. Our offer includes all European brands, construction years and price ranges. Here you will always find a good vehicle for the right price!
Thomas Trucks always has:
- Sharp prices
- Good service
- Spacious, rapidly changing stock
- Known quality
- Decent business
- We speak many languages
- Accompaniment input and transport
- (Export) license plate quickly arranged
- Professional technical services
- And more.
Visit the website: and view our complete range and competitive offers
We are open 6 days a week.
Do you need help with exporting, importing, or shipping your vehicle? Contact our sales team. Selling your current vehicle to us is also possible.
We do our best to display the data as accurately as possible, however no rights can be derived from this data
We can also arrange financing for you within the Netherlands.
Listing
Sottrum
7,676 km
Box van
MANTGL 8.180 LBW Sörensen 1t. Standheizung + Klima
Call
Condition: used, mileage: 329,799 km, power: 132 kW (179.47 HP), first registration: 06/2012, fuel type: diesel, empty load weight: 5,620 kg, maximum load weight: 1,870 kg, overall weight: 7,490 kg, axle configuration: 4x2, wheelbase: 4,200 mm, brakes: engine braking, color: orange, driver cabin: day cab, gearing type: automatic, emission class: euro5, suspension: steel-air, number of seats: 2, loading space length: 6,180 mm, loading space width: 2,400 mm, loading space height: 2,200 mm, Equipment: ABS, additional headlights, air conditioning, cabin, central locking, cruise control, differential lock, fog lights, immobilizer system, onboard computer, parking heater, power assisted steering, seat heater, soot filter, tail-lift, traction control, * German vehicle
* First owner
* Original, only 329,799 km
* Condition, see photos
* Body: Box with Sörensen tail lift and side door on the right with access steps
* Sörensen tail lift, type X4A 1000
* Load capacity: 1,000 kg
* Foot switch & roll-off safety
* Box dimensions: Length 6,180 mm x Width 2,400 mm x Height 2,200 mm
* Lashing rails on the right & left
* Shunting hitch front & rear
* Cab with 2 seats
* Air conditioning
* Auxiliary heater
* Automatic transmission
* ABS and ASR
* Engine brake
* Driver + passenger seat, comfort, air-sprung
* Seat heating
* Differential lock
* Cruise control
* 360° camera
* Electrically adjustable and heated mirrors
* Rotating beacons
* CB radio
* Sunroof
* Raised exhaust pipe
* Telephone preparation/hands-free system
* Electric windows
* Central locking
* Radio/CD
* Storage compartments
* Wheelbase: 4,200 mm
* GVWR: 7,490 kg
* Unladen weight: 5,620 kg
* Payload: 1,870 kg
If a new TÜV inspection is desired, we will gladly provide you with a quote from our partner workshops.
Our offer generally does NOT include a new TÜV inspection, a new DGUV, a new SP, or a new UVV.
Blodpfx Aszkr R Tomzek
You can find more trucks on our website under:
We speak the following languages: German, English, Polish, Turkish
Note:
We strongly recommend and offer the opportunity to inspect and examine the goods so that the buyer does not have any false ideas about the condition and suitability. Inspections and examinations are possible at any time by appointment and are expressly desired.
All information is without guarantee. We are not liable for errors and incorrect information in the offer. The buyer is obliged to independently verify the condition and equipment of the goods/vehicles.
Changes, prior sale and errors excepted.
Listing
Achim
7,670 km
Other
MANTGL 8.180 BB/ Küpper Weisser/ Typ STASF VES
Call
Condition: used, mileage: 316,939 km, power: 132 kW (179.47 HP), first registration: 08/2010, overall weight: 8,600 kg, fuel type: diesel, color: orange, axle configuration: 2 axles, gearing type: mechanical, emission class: euro5, Year of construction: 2009, Equipment: ABS, air conditioning, parking heater, soot filter, Body:
Bljdpowmx Aqjfx Amzsk
- Küpper Weisser spreader
- Model: STASF VES, year 2010
- ThermoMAT
- Suitable for oil spill control
- Storage boxes
Equipment:
- Cab: C (Compact)
- Driver and passenger comfort seats, air-suspended
- Automatic climate control
- Additional air heater Eberspächer Airtronic D2
- Mechanical sunroof
- Flame start system
- Fuel tank: 200 L
- 6-speed manual transmission
Technology:
- Rear-view camera
- On-board computer MAN-Tronic
- Electrically adjustable and heated exterior mirrors
- Electric windows
- ETA circuit breaker
- Beacon lights
Safety/Environment:
- Rear axle differential lock
- Engine brake
- Electronic braking system MAN-Brakematic
- Rear axle stabilizer
- EURO 5 engine
Miscellaneous:
- German first delivery
- 1 previous owner
- Engine 4.6 L – 132 kW Diesel
- Registration: previously self-propelled working machine 'traffic safety vehicle'
- Payload 2,785 kg according to registration certificate
- Perm. total weight 8.60 t
Since 1972, your reliable partner for all automotive and commercial vehicle needs in 28832 Achim at the Bremer Kreuz. NutzfahrzeugZentrum Behnke always keeps approx. 200 vehicles in stock, including transporters, commercial vehicles, and construction machinery!
We continuously offer attractive financing options at special rates. If interested, we are happy to provide you with an individual offer!
Trade-in of your commercial vehicle/construction equipment is welcome.
If a new TÜV inspection is desired, we will gladly offer you this service through our partner workshops. Our offer is generally WITHOUT new TÜV inspection.
Delivery of your 'new' commercial vehicle can be arranged nationwide by our external partners at an additional cost.
All information provided in advertisements, on the internet, price tags, and images are non-binding descriptions and do not constitute guaranteed properties. The seller assumes no liability/warranty for typographical errors and data transmission mistakes. Listed equipment features may need to be verified separately. Subject to errors and prior sale.
Listing
Butzbach
7,816 km
Truck with box body
MANTGL 8.180
Call
Condition: used, functionality: fully functional, mileage: 274,460 km, power: 132.39 kW (180.00 HP), first registration: 05/2011, fuel type: diesel, fuel: diesel, gearing type: mechanical, emission class: euro5, Year of construction: 2011, Equipment: ABS, trailer coupling, MAN TGL 8.180 ROLLER SHUTTER
- Manufacturer: MAN
- Type: TGL 8.180
Bsdpfx Amsu Et Ahozolk
- Roll-up door
- First registration: 19.05.2011
- Kilometers: 274.460 km
- Gross vehicle weight: 7.500KG
- Power: kw/hp 132/180
- Gearbox: Manual gearbox
- Euro: 5
- German vehicle YES
- German papers YES
- Ready for immediate use YES
You also can have the description in another language by Email
- Our service
-
- Export declaration-customs registration-yellow short-term license plates-red customs license plates.
- Purchase of your used construction machine or commercial vehicle
- we help you with financing
- we offer you transportation solutions
- Inspection and demonstration of the machines from Mon-Fri 9.00-17.00 (Saturday by appointment only).
-
- Our pool of machines is constantly changing and is always up to date on our website
-
- We are also at your disposal by telephone
-
- Sanisa GmbH
- Otto Hahn Street 13
- 35510 Butzbach
- This offer is non-binding and subject to change.
- Subject to prior sale,
- Errors and/or typing errors not excluded.
- Sale to our AGB`s.
Listing
Regenstauf
8,102 km
Box van
MANTGL 8.180 BL Koffer LBW Klima AHK Motorbremse
Call
Condition: used, mileage: 593,706 km, power: 132 kW (179.47 HP), first registration: 09/2013, fuel type: diesel, overall weight: 7,490 kg, axle configuration: 2 axles, next inspection (TÜV): 04/2027, color: white, gearing type: mechanical, emission class: euro5, total length: 8,010 mm, total width: 2,550 mm, total height: 3,430 mm, loading space length: 6,100 mm, loading space width: 2,480 mm, loading space height: 2,350 mm, Year of construction: 2013, Equipment: ABS, air conditioning, tail-lift, * Vehicle from a second German owner
* Suspension: leaf spring/air suspension
* Unladen weight: 5200 kg
* Dimensions of cargo area: l/w/h in mm: 6100/2480/2350
* Wheelbase 4200 mm
* Trailer hitch with air and electrical connections
* Trailer socket with ABS
* Audio system: MAN CD 24V radio
* 3-seater
* Differential lock, rear axle
* Driver's seat, comfort type, air-suspended
* Electric windows
* Automatic climate control
* Engine brake
* Cruise control
* Central locking
* 6-speed manual transmission
* Fuel tank: 100 liters
* Engine 4.6 L - 132 kW diesel (D 0834), engine brake
* Radio 24V
* Spare wheel
Bledpfxozhyu Io Amzek
* Permissible total weight 8.00 t
* Tires 215/75 R 17.5
* Tread depth front: approx. 80%
* Tread depth rear: approx. 95%
* Next inspection: April 2027
* 2 keys
* Certificate of Conformity
Listing
Hamburg
7,698 km
Box van
MANTGL 8.180, Koffer, LBW, Schaltgetriebe,
Call
Condition: used, mileage: 670,775 km, power: 132 kW (179.47 HP), first registration: 07/2006, fuel type: diesel, overall weight: 7,490 kg, next inspection (TÜV): 03/2027, color: white, gearing type: mechanical, loading space length: 6,100 mm, loading space width: 2,500 mm, loading space height: 2,650 mm, Year of construction: 2006, Equipment: ABS, air conditioning, tail-lift, * Advertisement/Vehicle No.: MTG24
Bledpfsxvaizsx Amzjk
* Office:
* WhatsApp:
* Mobile:
* Email:
* Website:
Rental of various trucks, tractor units, and trailers for short- or long-term rental. 7.5 t from €699.00 and 18 t from €1,XXX.00 monthly, available at short notice! Contact us for more information.
1x MAN TGL 8.180 L Box Truck
Year of manufacture: 07-06
* Export model 06
* Chassis number: 161XXX
* Mileage: 670.5 km
* Manual transmission
* Euro 3
* Tail lift BÄR 1.5 t
* Leaf/air suspension
* Cargo space length: 6.10 m / Interior height: 2.65 m
* Cruise control
* Multifunction steering wheel
* Tyres: 215/75 R17.5 front and rear axles
* German vehicle
* TÜV valid until 11/26 available on request at additional cost
Net price – Trade-in possible –
Rental/Financing/Leasing brokerage –
Subject to change, prior sale, errors, and typographical mistakes!
We deal exclusively in well-maintained German vehicles.
Our services: all customs and export documents, Euro1
* Temporary registration / valid for 5 days
* Customs registration / valid for 30 days
* Vehicle delivery
* Vehicle pickup
* Main inspection (TÜV) and safety inspection
Our contact details and opening hours: Office:
* WhatsApp:
* Mobile:
* Email:
* Website:
* Monday - Friday: 09:00 - 18:00
* Saturday: by appointment
Listing
Bovenden
7,813 km
Customized van
MANTGL 8.180 4X2 BB, EEV, Blumenbecker
Call
Condition: used, mileage: 77,500 km, power: 132 kW (179.47 HP), first registration: 03/2012, fuel type: diesel, empty load weight: 7,260 kg, maximum load weight: 230 kg, overall weight: 7,490 kg, tire size: 235/75R17.5, axle configuration: 4x2, wheelbase: 4,200 mm, color: green, driver cabin: day cab, gearing type: automatic, emission class: euro5, suspension: steel, number of seats: 3, Equipment: ABS, additional headlights, cabin, crane, cruise control, differential lock, fog lights, parking heater, power assisted steering, traction control, Vehicle location: Bovenden
Equipment: double bench seat, electric mirrors, heated mirrors, electric window (left), electric window (right), cruise control, ABS (anti-lock braking system), traction control (ASR), auxiliary drive, AS-Tronic automatic transmission, differential lock, fog lights, work lights, rotating beacon, tool box, leaf spring suspension, side aluminum fender protectors, roof hatch, crane behind the cab, emergency stop, foldable, 4-point hydraulic outriggers, 1x hydraulic extension, green environmental badge.
Wheelbase: 4200 mm
Blodpjzd Hlrjfx Amzek
Superstructure: Blumenbecker HM18TKI aerial work platform with work basket, working height approx. 17.8m, EEV engine, ZF 6 AS 1000 OD MAN TipMatic transmission, MAN BrakeMatic, L cab, auxiliary heater.
Vehicle operating hours: approx. 7376h
Superstructure operating hours: approx. 4057h
ACCESSORY INFORMATION WITHOUT GUARANTEE, subject to change, prior sale and errors!
Listing
Hoofddorp
7,469 km
Car transporter
MANTGL 8.180 TIJHOF Abschlepp 7.5t MMAT 18750kg 6...
Call
Condition: excellent (used), mileage: 353,593 km, power: 132 kW (179.47 HP), first registration: 01/2012, fuel type: diesel, tire size: 215/75R17.5, axle configuration: 4x2, wheelbase: 4,200 mm, fuel: diesel, fuel tank capacity: 200 l, brakes: intarder, color: white, driver cabin: day cab, gearing type: automatic, emission class: euro5, suspension: air, number of seats: 2, total length: 8,420 mm, total width: 2,350 mm, total height: 2,550 mm, permissible axle load (axle 1): 3,400 kg, permissible axle load (axle 2): 5,600 kg, Year of construction: 2012, Equipment: ABS, air conditioning, central locking, cruise control, electric window regulation, power assisted steering, power mirror, traction control, trailer coupling, Technical information
Number of cylinders: 4
Engine capacity: 4.580 cc
Axle configuration
Tyre size: 215/75R17.5
Brakes: disc brakes
Front axle: Max. axle load: 3400 kg; Steering; Tyre profile left: 90%; Tyre profile right: 90%
Rear axle: Max. axle load: 5600 kg; Tyre profile left inner: 80%; Tyre profile left outer: 80%; Tyre profile right outer: 80%; Tyre profile right outer: 80%
Weights
Empty weight: 4.835 kg
Carrying capacity: 2.655 kg
GVW: 7.490 kg
Blodpfey Duz Dex Amzok
Functional
Make of bodywork: TIJHOF
Max. number of cars: 1
Height of cargo floor: 89 cm
Maintenance
APK (MOT): tested until 04/2027
Condition
Technical condition: very good
Visual appearance: very good
Damages: none
Identification
Registration number: BZ-SG-41
Additional information
Please contact Moussa or Youssef for more information
= Additional options and accessories =
- Air suspension
- Air Suspension Seats
- Coupling
- Radio/Cd/Audio system
- Spare wheel
- Toolbox
- Twin wheel axle
- Visor
- Winch
= Remarks =
VIDEO:
Very beautiful and neat
MAN TGL 8.180 4X2 4.6 180 hp Euro 5
Tijhof Flatbed Truck
Platform dimensions: L. 648 cm / W. 231 cm loading height: 89 cm
Fixed fifth wheel with air connection / 13,915 kg
GVW 7,490 kg ( Driving license C / C1 )
Payload: 2,655 kg
Ramsey winch with remote control
353,000 km Fully dealer maintained
Technically and visually in like-new condition
Listing
Legden
7,634 km
Pick-up van
MANTGL 8.180 4x2 Pritsche 3 Sitzplätze EU6
Call
Condition: used, mileage: 207,854 km, power: 132 kW (179.47 HP), first registration: 01/2015, fuel type: diesel, overall weight: 7,490 kg, color: red, gearing type: mechanical, emission class: euro6, number of seats: 3, loading space length: 6,300 mm, loading space width: 2,470 mm, loading space height: 500 mm, Equipment: ABS, MAN TGL 8.180
- 3 seats
- Body manufacturer: Walther
- Leaf/air suspension
Blsdpfx Amevyxzhezek
- Manual transmission
- Load space length: 6.3 m
- Load space width: 2.47 m
- Side wall height: 0.5 m
- Front axle tires: 215/75 R 17.5
- Rear axle tires: 215/75 R 17.5
- TÜV expired
Errors and prior sale excepted.
Internal vehicle number: 10362.
WhatsApp support available!
If you have any questions about the vehicle or would like further information, feel free to contact us conveniently via WhatsApp.
Whatsapp
Whatsapp
Listing
Legden
7,634 km
Box van
MANTGL 8.180 4x2 Euro6 Koffer mit Ladebordwand
Call
Condition: used, mileage: 480,745 km, power: 132 kW (179.47 HP), first registration: 03/2012, fuel type: diesel, overall weight: 7,490 kg, color: white, gearing type: mechanical, loading space length: 6,068 mm, loading space width: 2,495 mm, loading space height: 2,423 mm, Equipment: tail-lift, * Radio
Bodpfsv Sl A Aox Amzslk
* Manual transmission
* 3 seats
* Box body
* Tail lift
* 40mm Ringfeder towing eye coupling
* Unladen weight: 5,340 kg
-----Internal vehicle number: 10773---- Subject to errors & prior sale.
WhatsApp support available!
If you have questions about the vehicle or require more information, feel free to contact us conveniently via WhatsApp.
Whatsapp
Whatsapp
Listing
Bottrop
7,647 km
Pick-up van
MAN8.180 TGL Pritsche 4x2
Call
Condition: used, mileage: 490,883 km, first registration: 08/2012, fuel type: diesel, overall weight: 7,490 kg, color: green, gearing type: mechanical, emission class: euro5, number of seats: 2, total length: 8,040 mm, total width: 2,550 mm, total height: 2,780 mm, loading space length: 6,150 mm, loading space width: 2,480 mm, loading space height: 500 mm, Equipment: ABS, air conditioning, soot filter, MAN 8.180 TGL flatbed 4x2
Suspension: leaf-air
Wheelbase: 4.20 m
WALTER flatbed
Bsdpfoyvwqxsx Amzolk
Length: 6.15 m
Width: 2.48 m
Height: 0.50 m
Equipment:
- Engine brake
- Digital tachograph
- Heated seat
- Electric windows
- Radio-CD
- Sunroof
- Sun visor
We are happy to assist you with financing/leasing together with our partners.
All information without guarantee. Subject to errors and prior sale.
Listing
Wuppertal-Cronenberg
7,678 km
Truck-mounted work platform
MAN8.180 TGL von Behörde / Ruthmann K130 /UVV 12-26
Call
Condition: used, mileage: 133,000 km, power: 132 kW (179.47 HP), first registration: 08/2009, fuel type: diesel, overall weight: 7,490 kg, next inspection (TÜV): 11/2026, color: orange, gearing type: mechanical, emission class: euro4, number of seats: 3, total length: 7,200 mm, total width: 2,360 mm, total height: 3,670 mm, Year of construction: 2009, Equipment: ABS, soot filter, 1st hand.
Perfectly maintained, consistently serviced government vehicle.
Bedpfx Aeyrk A Somzjlk
German truck with almost new inspections. Valid DGUV (health & safety inspection) until 12/2026 and MOT (TÜV) until 11/2026.
Comprehensively examined by a Ruthmann service technician in December 2025 shortly before scheduled decommissioning, declared "ready for operation."
In 12/2025, a full inspection was carried out, including lubrication service, maintenance, and the renewal of minor components such as signage and membrane switches.
The vehicle was recently used for public lighting maintenance. A new vehicle has now been purchased. Until then, the aerial platform was fully in operation.
The MOT inspection was renewed at 132,918 kilometers, valid with "no apparent defects" until November 2026.
Chassis: MAN TGL 8.180 with leaf-leaf suspension.
Euro 4 engine.
6-speed manual ZF Ecolite transmission.
Registered as a "self-propelled aerial work platform."
Unladen weight only 5,835 kg – providing ample load capacity for heavy materials in the equipment compartments.
Permissible total weight: 7,490 kg.
Wheelbase: 3,600 mm.
Driver’s seat: comfort version with air suspension.
3 seats in total.
Yellow rotating beacons.
Minor wear and tear present due to age, but no significant damage. This is an excellent-running truck.
Full RUTHMANN documentation available in original (operator’s manual with spare parts list, test logbook, all inspection reports from recent years).
Maximum working height approx. 13 m.
Lateral reach: 8.20 m.
Basket load: 200 kg (2 people + materials).
Basket dimensions: 1300 mm long / 1000 mm wide / 1100 mm high. Basket made of composite/plastic.
Insulated up to 1000 volts.
Compressed air blow gun in the basket.
This offer is exclusively for businesses or public authorities. Subject to prior sale and errors.
Net price for this well-maintained Ruthmann Steiger: €23,900!
Listing
Wenzendorf
7,693 km
Refrigerated truck
MANTGL 12.250 Kühlkoffer Thermoking 1200 Navi 7.30m
Call
Condition: used, mileage: 379,000 km, power: 184 kW (250.17 HP), first registration: 07/2015, overall weight: 11,990 kg, axle configuration: 2 axles, color: white, gearing type: automatic, emission class: euro6, loading space length: 7,300 mm, Equipment: ABS, air conditioning, electronic stability program (ESP), navigation system, parking heater, MAN TGL 12.250 4x2 refrigerated vehicle, Euro 6, automatic gearbox, Thermoking unit T 1200 R cooling down to -30, approx. 6700h, diesel/electricity, body dimensions: approx. 7.30m, Kress body, leaf-air suspension, local traffic house, collision warning system, double tank, cruise control, air conditioning, heated seats, auxiliary heating, reversing camera, differential lock, hill start assist, radio/CD/AUX, navigation system
Bodpfjrir Iwsx Amzolk
1st hand
Listing
Sottrum
7,676 km
Box van
MANTGL 8.180 Koffer 6050 mm LBW Palfinger 1000 Kg
Call
Condition: used, mileage: 379,084 km, power: 132 kW (179.47 HP), first registration: 03/2016, fuel type: diesel, empty load weight: 5,600 kg, maximum load weight: 1,890 kg, overall weight: 7,490 kg, axle configuration: 4x2, wheelbase: 4,200 mm, brakes: engine braking, driver cabin: day cab, gearing type: mechanical, emission class: euro6, number of seats: 2, loading space length: 6,050 mm, loading space width: 2,450 mm, loading space height: 2,480 mm, Equipment: ABS, additional headlights, cabin, cruise control, differential lock, electronic stability program (ESP), immobilizer system, onboard computer, parking sensors, power assisted steering, soot filter, spoiler, tail-lift, traction control, * German vehicle
* Original 379,084 km
* Condition as shown in photos
* MBB Palfinger tail lift, type C1000S
* Lifting capacity 1,000 kg
* Box body dimensions: length 6.05 m x 2.48 m x 2.38 m height
* Wooden loading floor
* Lashing rails left and right
* LED lighting
* Rear shunting coupling
* Cab with 2 seats
* Air-suspended comfort driver’s seat
* Lane departure warning system
* Emergency brake assist
* Cruise control
* Electric windows
* Electrically heated mirrors
* Reversing camera
* Differential lock
* Leaf and air suspension + raise/lower
* Stereo CD player
* Roof spoiler
* Wheelbase 4.20 m
* Gross vehicle weight 7,490 kg
* Unladen weight 5,600 kg
* Payload 1,890 kg
If you require a new TÜV inspection, we will gladly provide you with an offer from our partner workshops.
Our offer is generally WITHOUT new TÜV inspection, without new DGUV, without new SP, without new UVV.
Blodpeyz Sqqefx Amzek
You can find more trucks on our homepage at
We speak the following languages: German, English, Polish, Turkish
Note:
We offer and strongly recommend viewing and inspecting the goods, so that the buyer has an accurate understanding of their condition and suitability. Viewings and inspections are possible by appointment at any time and are expressly encouraged.
All information provided without guarantee. We accept no liability for errors or incorrect information in this offer. It is the buyer’s responsibility to verify the condition and features of the goods/vehicles independently.
Subject to change, prior sale, and errors.
Listing
Sottrum
7,676 km
Box van
MANTGL 8.180 Koffer Länge 6.05m LBW 3 Sitze
Call
Condition: used, mileage: 441,631 km, power: 132 kW (179.47 HP), first registration: 05/2010, fuel type: diesel, empty load weight: 5,190 kg, maximum load weight: 2,300 kg, overall weight: 7,490 kg, axle configuration: 4x2, wheelbase: 4,200 mm, brakes: engine braking, driver cabin: other, gearing type: mechanical, emission class: euro5, number of seats: 3, loading space length: 6,050 mm, loading space width: 2,450 mm, loading space height: 2,480 mm, Equipment: ABS, cabin, cruise control, differential lock, immobilizer system, onboard computer, tail-lift, traction control, * German vehicle
* Condition as shown in the photos
* Junge box body, length 6.05 m x 2.48 m x 2.38 m height
* D’Hollandia tail lift
* 1,000 kg lifting capacity
* Remote control with cable
* Light strip inside the box body
* Wooden floor in loading area
* Lashing rails left and right
* LED lighting
* Driver’s cab with 3 seats
* Air-suspended comfort driver’s seat
* Cruise control
* Electric windows
* Electrically heated mirrors
* Differential lock
* Leaf and air suspension with lift/lower function
* Stereo CD
* Roof hatch
* Roof spoiler
* Wheelbase: 4.20 m
* Gross vehicle weight (GVW): 7,490 kg
* Unladen weight: 5,350 kg
* Payload: 2,140 kg
* Upgradable to 8,800 kg GVW without technical modifications
If a new TÜV inspection is required, we are happy to provide an offer through our partner workshops.
Our offer generally comes WITHOUT new TÜV inspection, without new DGUV, without new SP, and without new UVV.
Bodpfx Aew Nrnwsmzelk
You can find more trucks on our homepage at
We speak the following languages: German, English, Polish, Turkish
Note:
We offer and strongly recommend a viewing and inspection of the goods to avoid any misunderstandings regarding condition and suitability. Viewings and inspections are possible at any time by appointment and are expressly encouraged.
All information provided without guarantee. We accept no liability for errors or incorrect information in the offer. The buyer is obliged to independently verify the condition and equipment of the goods/vehicles.
Subject to change, prior sale, and errors.
Listing
Sottrum
7,676 km
Box van
MANTGL 8.180 LBW BÄR 1.000 kg Standheizung + Klima
Call
Condition: used, mileage: 945,418 km, power: 132 kW (179.47 HP), first registration: 12/2005, fuel type: diesel, empty load weight: 5,580 kg, maximum load weight: 1,910 kg, overall weight: 7,490 kg, axle configuration: 4x2, wheelbase: 4,200 mm, brakes: engine braking, color: white, driver cabin: day cab, gearing type: mechanical, emission class: euro3, suspension: steel-air, number of seats: 3, loading space length: 6,180 mm, loading space width: 2,400 mm, loading space height: 2,200 mm, Equipment: ABS, air conditioning, cabin, cruise control, differential lock, immobilizer system, onboard computer, parking heater, power assisted steering, spoiler, tail-lift, traction control, German vehicle, condition, see photos, BÄR tail lift type: BC 1000S4, load capacity: 1,000 kg, box dimensions: L=6,180 x W=2,400 x H=2,200 mm, right box door with access, 1 row of lashing rails right & left, air conditioning, parking heater, aluminum riffled floor, manual transmission, ABS and ASR, engine brake, comfort driver's seat, air-suspended, electrically heated mirrors, roof hatch, radio CD, roof spoiler, sun visor, wheelbase: 4,200 mm, gross weight: 7,490 kg, unladen weight 5,580 kg, payload: 1,910 kg
If a new TÜV inspection is desired, we will be happy to provide you with an offer from our partner workshops.
Our offer is generally WITHOUT new TÜV inspection, without new DGUV, without new SP, without new UVV.
You can find more trucks on our homepage at
We speak the following languages: German, English, Polish, Turkish
Note:
We offer and strongly recommend a viewing and inspection of the goods, so that the buyer does not have any false ideas about the condition and suitability. Viewings and inspections are possible at any time by appointment and are expressly desired.
All details are without guarantee. No liability is accepted for errors and incorrect information in the offer. The buyer is obliged to independently verify the condition and equipment of the goods/vehicles.
Blodpfsv Tdngex Amzek
Changes, prior sale, and errors are reserved.
- .
Trust Seal
Dealers certified through Used-Machines

Listing
Sottrum
7,676 km
Curtain sider van
MANTGL 8.180 Pritsche Plane BÄR LBW 1.000 kg Klima
Call
Condition: used, mileage: 477,844 km, power: 132 kW (179.47 HP), first registration: 09/2011, fuel type: diesel, empty load weight: 5,210 kg, maximum load weight: 2,280 kg, overall weight: 7,490 kg, axle configuration: 4x2, wheelbase: 4,900 mm, brakes: engine braking, color: blue, driver cabin: day cab, gearing type: mechanical, emission class: euro5, suspension: steel-air, number of seats: 2, loading space length: 6,100 mm, loading space width: 2,480 mm, loading space height: 2,400 mm, Equipment: ABS, air conditioning, cabin, cruise control, differential lock, immobilizer system, onboard computer, power assisted steering, seat heater, soot filter, spoiler, tail-lift, traction control, * German vehicle
* Condition: See photos
* Flatbed body with tarpaulin and tail lift
* BÄR type BC 1000 S2 tail lift, load capacity 1,000 kg
* Dimensions: L = 6,100 x W = 2,480 x H = 2,400 mm
* DIN tie-down eyes
* Hatch height 500 mm
* Screen-printed floor
* Leaf-type air suspension with raising and lowering
* 6-speed manual transmission
* Air conditioning
* Cruise control
* Engine brake
* Electric windows
* Electric mirrors
* Air-suspended comfort driver's seat
* Heated seats
* Radio/CD player
* Storage compartment on engine tunnel
* Roof hatch
* Differential lock
* Spare wheel
* GVW: 7,490 kg
* Unladen weight 5,210 kg
Blodpfx Ajv Tdnajmzsk
* Payload: 2,280 kg
If a new TÜV inspection is required, we would be happy to provide you with a quote from our partner workshops.
Our offer is generally WITHOUT a new TÜV inspection, without a new DGUV (German Vehicle Inspection Association), without a new SP (Special Vehicle Inspection Association), without a new UVV (German Accident Insurance Regulations).
You can find more trucks on our website at
We speak the following languages: German, English, Polish, Turkish
Note:
We offer and strongly recommend an inspection and testing of the goods to ensure that the buyer is not misled about their condition and suitability. Inspections and testing are possible at any time by appointment and are expressly desired.
All information is provided without guarantee. We assume no liability for errors or incorrect information in the offer. The buyer is obliged to independently verify the condition and equipment of the goods/vehicles.
Subject to changes, prior sale, and errors.
- .
Listing
Dautphetal - Wolfgruben
7,780 km
Box van
MANTGL 8.180 Wäscherei Koffer mit LBW-Klima-3 Sitze
Call
Condition: used, mileage: 451,500 km, power: 132 kW (179.47 HP), first registration: 04/2008, fuel type: diesel, overall weight: 7,490 kg, color: white, gearing type: mechanical, emission class: euro4, number of seats: 3, total length: 7,550 mm, total width: 2,450 mm, total height: 3,250 mm, loading space length: 5,500 mm, loading space width: 2,300 mm, loading space height: 2,050 mm, Equipment: ABS, air conditioning, parking heater, tail-lift, * MAN 8.180 with box body for laundry service – air conditioning – 3 seats – from first owner –
* Diesel – displacement: 4,530 cc – 132 kW / 180 HP – Euro 4 – green environmental badge –
Bjdewx Ubmepfx Amzslk
* Leaf spring suspension front & rear – body dimensions: length 5.50m x width 2.45m x height 2.10m –
* 3 seats – 6-speed manual transmission – air conditioning – Zepro tail lift, 2 tons –
* Permissible total weight: 7,490 kg – curb weight: 5,695 kg – payload: 1,795 kg –
* Vehicle available immediately and ready for collection – vehicle is signwritten –
* Please schedule an appointment for viewing –
* Contact: Mr. Andreas Vogel
* The details provided online are non-binding descriptions.
* They do not constitute guaranteed features.
* The seller is not liable for typographical or data transmission errors.
* Subject to changes, errors and prior sale.
Listing
Bovenden
7,813 km
Box van
MANTGL 8.180 4x2 BL mit MBB LBW
Call
Condition: used, mileage: 536,380 km, power: 132 kW (179.47 HP), first registration: 06/2009, fuel type: diesel, empty load weight: 5,170 kg, maximum load weight: 2,320 kg, overall weight: 7,490 kg, tire size: 215/75R17,5, axle configuration: 4x2, wheelbase: 4,200 mm, color: white, driver cabin: day cab, gearing type: mechanical, emission class: euro4, suspension: steel-air, number of seats: 2, loading space length: 6,100 mm, loading space width: 2,470 mm, loading space height: 2,370 mm, Equipment: ABS, additional headlights, cabin, cruise control, differential lock, low noise, power assisted steering, spoiler, tail-lift, Vehicle location: Bovenden, registration number house, 1x air seat, double bench seat, electric mirrors, heated mirrors, switch 6, ABS (anti-lock braking system), roof spoiler, leaf air suspension, air+light trailer hitch, noise reduction G1, lashing rails, U-protection, aluminum side bumper, aluminum tail lift, upright, green environmental badge
Bsdpsvhh Tpsfx Amzslk
Wheelbase: 4200 mm Body: Spier box body with 1t tail lift MBB type Rentfix 1000 Gearbox ZF 6S-800 OD, C-cab, MAN BrakeMatic, tank capacity: 100l. ACCESSORY INFORMATION WITHOUT WARRANTY, subject to alterations, prior sale and errors excepted!
- .
Listing
Bovenden
7,813 km
Refrigerator body van
MANTGL 8.180 4x2 BL, Kühlkoffer, Carrier Supra 850Mi
Call
Condition: used, mileage: 326,805 km, power: 132 kW (179.47 HP), first registration: 12/2015, fuel type: diesel, empty load weight: 6,170 kg, maximum load weight: 1,320 kg, overall weight: 7,490 kg, axle configuration: 4x2, wheelbase: 3,600 mm, color: white, driver cabin: day cab, gearing type: mechanical, emission class: euro6, suspension: steel-air, number of seats: 2, loading space length: 5,200 mm, loading space width: 2,490 mm, loading space height: 2,100 mm, Equipment: ABS, air conditioning, cabin, cruise control, low noise, traction control, Vehicle location: Bovenden, registration number house, 1x air seat, electric mirrors, heated mirrors, electric window left, electric window right, air conditioning, sun visor, cruise control, switch 6, ABS (anti-lock braking system), traction control (ASR), leaf-air suspension, low-noise G1, portal doors, lashing strips, U-protection, aluminum side bumpers, roof hatch, diesel/electric cooling unit, green environmental badge
Blodevhlh Dspfx Amzsk
Wheelbase: 3600 mm Body: Küfa body, 2 compartments, Carrier Supra 850 Mi unit, ZF 6S-800 OD gearbox, MAN BrakeMatic, air conditioning, C cab!
2 split portal doors, rear step ladder! ACCESSORIES WITHOUT WARRANTY, subject to alterations, prior sale and errors excepted!
- .
We make it easier for you to find: "man tgl 8.180*thermoking*lamberet*alcoa*klimaautom.*"
You will receive new offers immediately and free of charge via e-mail
You can easily terminate the search request at any time

























































































































































































































































































































































































































































