Used Kai Tec Flame-Cutting Machine for sale (78,260)

Condition: new, CATALOGUE NUMBER RE060 - New machine TECHNICAL DATA - Blade diameter ⌀250 – 350/30 mm Nwsdpfx Aiszrk N Rs Ten - Scoring blade diameter (only works with ⌀300, 350 mm blades) ⌀120/20 mm - Main motor power 4 kW - Scoring motor power 0.75 kW - Rotational speed 4000 rpm - Scoring blade rotational speed 8800 rpm - Blade tilt 0 – 45° - Max. cutting length 1600 mm - Cutting width with parallel guide 1250 mm - Sawtooth blade ⌀350 mm - Arbor flange diameter 87.5 mm - Table fence adjustable to 90° – 45° angle, accuracy ±1° - Max. cutting height with ⌀300 mm blade, 95 mm - Max. cutting height with ⌀350 mm blade, 120 mm - Upper dust extraction port diameter ⌀80 mm - Lower dust extraction port diameter ⌀100 mm - Weight 480 kg - Dimensions of folded machine 2020x3380x1200mm Net price: 16000 PLN Net price: 3721 EUR Net price calculated based on an exchange rate of 4.30 PLN/EUR (Prices may be subject to change in case of significant exchange rate fluctuations)

Condition: good (used), functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2022, machine/vehicle number: P2060, control type: CNC control, degree of automation: semi-automatic, laser type: fiber laser, laser source manufacturer: RAYCUS, laser source model: fiberlaser, laser power: 3,000 W, pipe diameter (max.): 200 mm, pipe length (max.): 6,000 mm, table length: 3,000 mm, workpiece weight (max.): 27 kg, input voltage: 380 V, input frequency: 60 Hz, type of input current: three-phase, type of cooling: water, overall weight: 12,000 kg, total length: 12,000 mm, total width: 5,000 mm, total height: 5,000 mm, Equipment: centralized greasing system, cooling unit, documentation/manual, dust extraction, fume extraction, safety light barrier, Fiber laser tube cutting machine Golden Laser P2060A-3D 3000 W for sale. The machine is in daily production use, fully functional, and can be inspected while powered on. Main configuration: Laser source: Raycus 3,000 W fiber laser Cutting head: 3D 5-axis bevel cutting head with auto focus CNC control and software: PA (Germany) Nesting software: Lantek (Spain) Servo motors: Yaskawa (Japan) Reducers: APEX (Taiwan); gears and rack: alpha (Germany) Linear guides: HIWIN (Taiwan) Proportional valve: SMC (Japan) Main electrical parts: Schneider (France) Chiller: Tongfei Automatic bundle loader (load size 800 x 800 x 6,000 mm) Automatic unloading / collecting device (max. collecting length 3,000 mm) Pneumatic double chucks with auto-centering Floating support system and floating rear material support Weld seam recognition camera (round and rectangular tubes) Automatic lubrication Dust extraction unit / air dust dryer 5.5 kW Nwjde Afwzwjpfx Ai Tsn Technical data: Tube diameter range: 20–200 mm Max. tube length: 6,000 mm Tube types: round, square, rectangular, oval, obround, H, angle, I and irregular profiles Max. tube weight: 37 kg/m Remnant length: 50–80 mm (Ø < 100 mm), 180–200 mm (Ø ≥ 100 mm) X/Y positioning speed: 95 m/min X/Y acceleration: 1.5 G Chuck rotation speed: 160 rpm Positioning accuracy: ±0.03 mm Axis travel: X 7,180 mm / Y 250 mm / Z 125 mm Axis motor power: X 3 kW, Y 2 kW, Z 2 kW Machine power: 30 kW, 380 V AC, 50/60 Hz Machine weight: approx. 12 t Footprint: approx. 12 x 5.5 m Year of manufacture: 2022 Location: Slovenia Inspection and test cutting possible by appointment.

Condition: like new (used), Year of construction: 2023, operating hours: 68 h, Struers Discotom-100 – 2023 – only 68 operating hours – Struers warranty For sale: Struers Discotom-100, a professional, automatic laboratory cutting machine designed for the precise preparation of samples for metallographic analysis. The unit is from 2023 and is in very good condition. The machine has been used very little – the counter shows only 68 total operating hours. Key features: * Manufacturer: Struers * Model: Discotom-100 * Year of manufacture: 2023 Nwsdpszx Hq Djfx Ai Ton * Operating hours: only 68 * Condition: very good, practically unused * Warranty: 12 months Struers warranty * Automatic, programmable cutting * Control of feed and sample positioning * Movable X/Y work table * Large working chamber for cutting larger and irregular parts * Adjustable blade rotation speed * Cooling system during cutting * Enclosed working chamber cover with a large window * Clear control panel * Designed for the precise cutting of metals and other materials before further metallographic preparation The Discotom-100 is a high-quality device used in quality control laboratories, materials laboratories, R&D departments, and in the metallurgical, automotive, and manufacturing industries. A major advantage of the offered unit is its very low operating hours – only 68 – and the one-year Struers warranty, which makes it an attractive alternative to purchasing a new machine. Delivery possible in January 2027.

Condition: excellent (used), functionality: fully functional, laser type: fiber laser, laser source manufacturer: Bistronic, laser power: 500 W, laser wavelength: 1,070 nm, table length: 12,001,200 mm, input voltage: 400 V, input frequency: 50 Hz, type of input current: AC, overall weight: 3,080 kg, total length: 2,050 mm, total width: 2,500 mm, total height: 2,000 mm, Equipment: CE marking, cooling unit, documentation/manual, emergency stop, the machine is running well, the only reason that we sale out the machine is that the x and Y stroke are to short. Njdpfxj Afzlae Ai Tjwn machine is under power.

Condition: good (used), ML-720 Die Cutting Machine This machine is used to cut shapes from a die (die) from materials such as paper, cardboard, leather, plastics, etc. The machine is ready for operation, after a service inspection. Format: 720 x 510 mm Weight: 1800 kg Power supply: 380 V Motor: 2.2 kW Equipment: – Electromagnetic clutch and brake – Quick-mount frame – 3 operating modes: continuous, time-delayed, manual – Central pressure lubrication – Safety guards Nwjdpozz Hg Rofx Ai Tsn – Operating tools and instructions with documentation.

Condition: new, Description The ZS-700PRO brick cutting machine is a powerful, three-phase-powered all-purpose saw, specifically designed for daily use on construction sites. With its robust design and well-thought-out features, it offers both efficiency and safety. The high-quality diamond blade enables an impressive cutting depth of up to 290 mm, and even up to 500 mm in reverse cutting. The ZS-700PRO impresses with its low-maintenance design and the powerful 5.5 kW three-phase motor, which ensures reliable performance. A large saw guard provides additional safety during operation. The easily movable horizontal slide on steel rollers with precision ball bearings allows for precise cuts, while the advanced water supply system ensures optimal cooling of the saw blade. In addition, the water pump is easy to remove, which simplifies cleaning and frost protection. The comfortable hand crank enables easy and precise adjustment of the cutting depth. Forklift attachments and lashing points ensure effortless transport. The ZS-700PRO is therefore the ideal choice for anyone who values performance, safety, and ease of use on the construction site. Technical data Motor power 5.5 kW (S1) / 400 V Nwjdj Adlxhepfx Ai Tsn Power consumption 11 A / 3PH + N + PE Rated speed 1440 rpm Protection class IP 54 Table size (L x W) 600 x 625 mm Diamond saw blade diameter 700 mm Saw blade arbor 50 mm Cutting spindle speed 1870 rpm Cutting depth max. 290 mm Cutting length max. 510 mm Sound power level LWA 105.45 dB(A) Continuous sound pressure level LPA 102.4 dB(A) Weight 345 kg Transport weight 375 kg Dimensions (L/W/H) 1637 x 670 x 1527 mm Packaging dimensions (L/W/H) 1600 / 760 / 1260 mm

Condition: used, functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2011, power: 18 kW (24.47 HP), input voltage: 400 V, input current: 35 A, input frequency: 50 Hz, type of input current: three-phase, compressed air connection: 7 bar, We are offering this used TRUMPF TruMatic 3000 laser cutting machine, manufactured in 2011. Maximum cutting force: 165 kN Laser power: W Machine number: A0111A0021 Nwsdpo Aaxt Refx Ai Tjn Year of manufacture: 2011 Mains voltage: 400 V Mains frequency: 50 Hz Connected load: 18 kVA Control voltage: 24 V Required fuse rating: 3 × 35 A Compressed air connection: 7 ± 1 bar Nitrogen connection (N₂): 30 bar Oxygen connection (O₂): 20 bar If you have any questions or require further information, please feel free to send us a message or call us.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2016, functionality: fully functional, type of input current: three-phase, Swift-Cut CNC Plasma Cutting Machine Type 1250 Nwjdpfey Snwnox Ai Tsn with zone-controlled extraction table Technical Specifications: - Cutting area for sheet sizes up to 1250 x 1250 mm - Maximum gantry clearance height: approx. 100 mm - Lowered guide rails for easy loading - Gantry park position enables easy loading of full sheets from above - Robust welded steel frame with polyester powder coating - Lightweight cutting head for high cutting performance and easy maintenance - Linear guides with smooth-running V-rollers - Powerful 4 Nm stepper motors - Drive system: Coupled hybrid stepper motors. Dual synchronized rack and pinion drive (Dual Drive) on Y-axis. - Digital Torch Height Control (DTHC) – fast response time for improved cut quality and extended torch consumable life - Direct Cut Control (DCC): Automatic software control of cutting current (amperage) and air pressure directly via the CNC user interface (fully compatible ONLY with Hypertherm Powermax torch & plasma power supply) - Hypertherm plasma system error messages are displayed directly on the Swift-Cut control screen - Collision protection: Magnetic torch breakaway system. Shuts down the system within a fraction of a second in the event of a collision to prevent torch damage. - Proximity sensors for reliable and robust switching operations - Down draft extraction table - Zoned extraction table for efficient fume extraction - Easily removable cutting supports - Freestanding operator’s console with PC and flat panel LCD monitor - Wireless keyboard and mouse - Multiple emergency stop (E-stop) - USB and network connectivity Software: - Solid Edge CAD software - Swift-Cam 1 powered by Libellula; CAD/CAM software - Functions include conversion of any DXF files to Swift-Cut machine code - Manual nesting of parts and standard shapes - Pre-installed cutting tools and image library for consumable recognition - Part library with pre-made standard drawings - Swift-Cut CNC control software - Program simulation - Operating system: Windows 7 Included paid optional accessories: - Swift-Trace camera for capturing hand-drawn templates and converting them into DXF files - Swift-Marker unit – integrated pneumatic marking system. Automatic marking of text, bend lines, and center points - Hypertherm DuraMax plasma torch package Basic dimensions: Console: 650 x 550 mm Machine: 1900 x 1700 mm

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2011, machine/vehicle number: 11095150, IPG Laser GmbH Njdpfx Aijrq D D Ee Town used 4kW laser source with cooling unit 400-460V AC 3P/PE 50/60 Hz 30.8A year of construction 2011 DWG number: G25-16-100920-2 Cooling unit: LC170.01-W3.5 Year of construction 2010 3/PE - 400V 50Hz 21,8A 4pcs available

Condition: new, functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2025, laser type: fiber laser, laser power: 40,000 W, Equipment: CE marking, centralized greasing system, cooling unit, documentation/manual, dust extraction, emergency stop, fume extraction, nozzle changer, safety light barrier, Type: exchange table, fully protected exchange table, ultra-high power, dual platform Laser power: 12KW15KW, 20KW, 30KW, 40KW, 3KW.6KW Standard hardware: scrap car, fire brick, fully automatic butter filling, dual-control workbench, adaptive multi-angle site placement, rear lift light-blocking door, rear camera, internal camera, monitoring display, radiation-proof glass, top cover beam light curtain, partition dust removal Optional hardware: light-blocking rubber strip, high-pressure proportional valve (standard above 6KW), safety door lock, independent laser cabinet, rear exchange table light curtain, top cover fan Nwsdpfx Aswxam Ioi Tjn Optional functions: FDA configuration, CSA configuration, TUV configuration, conventional CE configuration

Condition: excellent (used), functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2012, operating hours: 55,771 h, laser hours: 35,157 h, laser power: 3,200 W, sheet thickness (max.): 20 mm, sheet thickness steel (max.): 20 mm, sheet thickness aluminum (max.): 8 mm, table length: 3,000 mm, table width: 1,500 mm, travel distance X-axis: 3,000 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 1,500 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 150 mm, positioning speed: 140 m/min, positioning accuracy: 0.02 mm, year of last overhaul: 2025, feed length X-axis: 3,000 mm, feed length Y-axis: 1,500 mm, feed length Z-axis: 150 mm, Equipment: centralized greasing system, cooling unit, documentation/manual, emergency stop, safety light barrier, The laser was fully functional and in very good technical condition until its professional dismantling. The machine was regularly serviced by an authorized service provider, and a complete service history is available. In 2025, all mirrors were completely replaced. The dismantling and professional disconnection of the machine were carried out by an authorized service provider. The machine is currently safely stored in a dry warehouse and is ready for shipment. Videos of the machine in operation are available. Nodpjv Hxbbefx Ai Tjwn

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 1976, functionality: limited functionality, machine/vehicle number: 673401, cutting width (max.): 1,070 mm, insertion depth: 1,070 mm, insertion height: 120 mm, cutting length (max.): 1,070 mm, stack height: 120 mm, overall weight: 2,500 kg, working width: 1,070 mm, cutting height (max.): 120 mm, Equipment: CE marking, Polar Werke 107 EL hydraulic paper cutting machine, suitable for professional production. Machine Highlights Nwsdpjz Huz Djfx Ai Ton Manufacturer: Polar Werke Model: 107 EL Machine type: Hydraulic paper guillotine Hydraulic clamp Electromechanical back gauge Air table Optical cutting line Safety light barriers Two-hand safety operation Ready for continued professional production Inspection possible by appointment A robust and reliable Polar paper cutter, suitable for commercial printing and finishing applications. Further technical specifications, photographs and additional information are available upon request.

Condition: good (used), Mohr D 80 ECO Polar Guillotine Manufactured in 2012. Very good condition, ready to operate. Mohr Polar is the most recognizable and respected brand of bookbinding guillotines in the world. Made in Germany. Njdpfe Af E Hhjx Ai Tewn Working width: 800mm Stack height: 100mm Machine weight: 1000kg Power supply: 380V Equipment: Programmer with a 5.5″ display and the ability to save 198 programs Chrome-plated table Air table Photocells Intuitive operation Documentation, tools, spare blade, and a safety blade change tool.

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 1999, We are offering this used Amada LASMAC LC-1212 A3 laser cutting machine, manufactured in 1999. Manufacturer: Amada Model: LASMAC LC-1212 A3 Year of manufacture: 1999 Condition: ready for use Nedpfx Aisz Rvg De Tswn If you have any questions or require further information, please do not hesitate to contact us.

Condition: new, functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2025, control type: CNC control, degree of automation: automatic, laser type: fiber laser, laser power: 3,000 W, warranty duration: 24 months, Equipment: CE marking, centralized greasing system, cooling unit, documentation/manual, dust extraction, emergency stop, fume extraction, nozzle changer, safety light barrier, Working Area (mm): 3048×1524 X-Axis Travel (mm）: 1524 Y-Axis Travel(mm）: 3048 Z-Axis Travel（mm）: 80 X/Y Axis Positioning Accuracy: ≤0.03mm/m X/Y Axis Repositioning Accuracy: ≤±0.02mm Maximum Synthetic Positioning Speed: 150m/min Maximum Acceleration: 1.2G Cutting Slit Width: 0.1mm-0.5mm (measured for platesless than3mm thick) Nwodpfx Aisxvwcxj Tjn Cutting Surface Roughness: Ra3.2um-Ra25.4um(measured for plate thickness below3mm） Floor Size(mm): 6000*3000 Mainframe Dimension(mm): 5000*2300*1800 Screen Size: 21"LCD TransmissionMode: Rack andpinion dual drive Table Loading Capacity: 1.1(ton)

Condition: used, The REMS Magnum pipe threader is suitable for pipes from 1/4" to 2". The following threading dies are included: - 3x: R1/2 - 3/4 - 5x: R1 - 2 The unit has been function-tested and comes with an electrical inspection carried out by a professional electrical company. Nwjdpfxez Nlfgj Ai Ten

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2013, The Kronen GS 10-2 TTS is an advanced belt cutting machine that sets itself apart from the standard GS 10-2 through its integrated sensor and PLC technology. This innovation allows the machine to cut products with high precision, minimizing waste and maximizing yield. What makes the GS 10-2 TTS unique is its automatic product detection: sensors and PLC control detect the beginning and end of each item. This enables the machine to calculate exactly how many cuts are needed for the desired thickness, reducing waste and increasing output. The Top-Tail function allows the GS 10-2 TTS to automatically remove the ends of products such as carrots or cucumbers, ensuring only the usable part is processed. The knife is servo-driven and starts cutting only when the product reaches the end of the infeed belt, delivering precise and consistent results. The extended infeed belt can be equipped with a trimming station, enabling multiple operators to work simultaneously and boost productivity. If the TTS function is not needed, the machine can operate as a standard GS 10-2, suitable for cutting, grating, shredding, or dicing various foods such as lettuce, herbs, meat, fish, bread, cheese, and nuts. Kronen GS10 can cut cubes — but not “standard” without the correct cutting set. Cubes (dicing) are made using a special cube/grid cutting disc (e.g. 10×10 mm, 20×20 mm). Technical specifications Capacity: Up to 600 kg per hour depending on the product and cutting methodCutting options: Slices, cubes, or segments with a cutting thickness from 1 to 130 mmSpeed: Conveyor speed 2.2 to 16.4 m/min; knife speed 105 to 795 rpmDimensions: Length 1610 mm, width 670 mm, height 1275 mm; weight 235 kgPower: Total power 1.8 kW; supply 230 V, 50 Hz Applications Nwsdpfxoz Rc Ste Ai Ton Vegetables: Carrots, cucumbers, leeks, peppers, eggplantsFruits: Pineapples, melons, strawberriesMeat and fish: Chicken breast, sausages like cabanossi or bockwurstVegan products: Meat substitutesOthers: Bread, cheese, nuts Condition This machine is in excellent used condition, fully checked and ready for production use.Comes complete with stainless steel cutting table 150 x 106 cm with 5 cutting boardsIncludes 6 knives with storage rack More information or a quote? Do this quick and easily via the Duijndam Machines website! You can also give us a call. See all the available machines at our website. Since 1977 supplier of reliable used agricultural and horticultural equipmentMachines are checked for deliveryExperienced teamWe can help you with getting the machine to your company Duijndam Machines The specialist in used agriculture and horticulture machinery

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2024, functionality: fully functional, This is a cutting machine manufactured by Scharfen, model ES 300, year of manufacture 2024. The machine has been inspected in our in-house workshop and is fully functional. This machine was an incorrect purchase; it turned out that a miter cutting machine was required. Therefore, it was only used for a short period. You will receive an invoice with VAT shown. The list price of the machine is €4,082 net / €4,857.58 gross. Our offer price is €2,932.77 net / €3,490 gross. Our used equipment service for you: 6 months warranty on electrical parts, limited to the replacement of defective parts, excluding installation and removal costs. High-quality brand-name equipment at fair prices. Professional overhaul / inspection & expert cleaning. Inspected & fully functional - or your money back. Flexible shipping or self-collection options. Competent advice - before and after purchase. Provision of operating instructions, connection diagrams & spare parts. Inspection according to DGUV V3. Technical data: W x D x H: approx. 580 x 635 x 420 mm Blade: 300 mm diameter, hollow ground, hard chrome-plated stainless steel, long cutting life. Cutting thickness setting: 0-25 mm (infinitely adjustable) Cutting length: 250 mm Cutting height: 210 mm Noise level: less than 70 dB (A) Grinding device removable Voltage: 400 V three-phase or 230 V single-phase Power: 0.6 kW Weight: approx. 51 kg Serial number: 2241096 Year of manufacture: 2024 Nwedpfx Aez Ilm Toi Tjn Condition: used, inspected, fully functional Additional information: Large storage area for sheets Quick and easy to clean Extremely robust and low maintenance 100% stainless steel Shipping: Delivery or self-collection by arrangement. Worldwide shipping on request. Shipping to islands or mountain stations only by arrangement. Do you have any questions, would you like advice, or would you like to see something on-site? You can reach us by phone during our opening hours: Monday to Friday, 9:00 a.m. to 1:00 p.m. and 2:00 p.m. to 5:00 p.m. The sale is exclusively subject to our general terms and conditions (GTC).

Condition: good (used), Polar Mohr 78 ES Paper Guillotine Machine in very good condition, serviced and ready to use. Made in Germany. Technical specifications: Cutting width: 780mm Nodpfx Aij Af E H Ij Tjwn Stack height: 120mm LCD display Power supply: 400V Weight: 1400kg Enlarged side tables Chrome table surface Table lighting and optical cutting line Continuously adjustable pressure Additional rear table covers Spare knife, cutting sticks, tapping block, and operating tools.

Condition: good (used), Polar Mohr 115 XT Plus Paper Guillotine This machine is in very good condition, ready for production, and has been serviced. Low mileage. Year of manufacture: 2011. This is the most valued guillotine brand, a flagship product. Technical specifications: Cutting width: 1150mm Nsdpfx Aio Af E Huo Tjwn Stack height: 165mm Programmer with 18.5″ color touchscreen display Air table Photocells Chrome table surface Ball screw drive for the rear comb Optical cutting line Enlarged side tables Knife change via the control panel Additional rear table guards Weight: 3200kg 380V power supply Includes documentation, a tool kit, a tapping block, a spare knife, and one knife in the machine.

Condition: good (used), Perfecta 76 UC Paper Cutting Guillotine This machine is in very good condition. It has been in one hand since new. Technical specifications: Cutting width: 760mm Stack height: 110mm Weight: 1650kg Power supply: 400V Equipment: – LCD programmer – photocells – air table Nwedpo Ad Hkfefx Ai Ten – cutting line – hydraulic clamp with variable force adjustment – manual – tool kit – clamp plate – spare blade

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2007, Cutting blade ( single)Shaking flat brush380 VoltStainless steel frameAdjustable speed More information or a quote? Do this quick and easily via the Duijndam Machines website! You can also give us a call. Nodpsz Rduijfx Ai Town See all the available machines at our website. Since 1977 supplier of reliable used agricultural and horticultural equipmentMachines are checked for deliveryExperienced teamWe can help you with getting the machine to your company Duijndam Machines The specialist in used agriculture and horticulture machinery

Year of construction: 2021, condition: as good as new (ex-display), functionality: fully functional, New Single-head cutting machine OMC GIOBI 600 (year 2021) with measuring roller conveyor FOM INDUSTRIE ASSOMAK VS 6m (year 2025) and inlet conveyor PORTER 4,2m (year 2025) Condition: new, demo machines - Saw blade D 600 mm - Hdro-pneumatic feed - Inclination is pneumatic on both sides, with fixed graduations of 22.5° - 45° - 90°. For intermediate gradations, with manual mechanical stop - 2 vertical and 2 horisontal clamps - Spray mist blade lubrication system - Integral pneumatic protection - ASSOMAK VS 6m: measuring roller conveyor with digital display and manual length stop positioning - Minimum cut 0 mm - Maximum cut 6000 mm - Measurement reading by encoder - Positioning precision ± 0,5 mm Nedpfey Erwfox Ai Tjwn - Loading capacity per linear meter: 10 Kg - Width of bar resting surface: 200 mm - PORTER 4,2m: inlet roller conveyor - Loading capacity per linear meter: 10 Kg - Width of bar resting surface: 200 mm

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2013, operating hours: 4,400 h, For sale is a waterjet cutting system, STM WS 4020, in good condition, with a simple design, including a BFT Ecotron 40.37 high-pressure pump. Njdpez Rkn Aofx Ai Tswn

Condition: good (used), functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 5630717, cutting width (max.): 800 mm, insertion depth: 800 mm, overall weight: 1,350 kg, type of input current: three-phase, input current: 6 A, input voltage: 380 V, cutting height (max.): 110 mm, input frequency: 50 Hz, Equipment: documentation/manual, Adast Maxima MS80 cutting machine, good working condition, cutting length 800mm Nwodpfx Ajxfu Svsi Ton cutting depth 800mm all documentation included spare knife included