Used Pipe-Bending Machine for sale (66,511)

Condition: new, R10-R260 210 ° bending speed 2 U/min 1 1/4" x 3,5 mm einphasig - 230 V drive motor 1,1 kW < 70 dB weight of the machine ca. 80 kg dimensions of the machine ca. 410 x 1000 x 570 mm Accessories / equipment: Hard copper and aluminum: 54x2 mm Steel tube: 42x3 mm Stainless steel: 42x2.5 mm Solid material: 30 mm Number of programs: 30 each 9 bends Control: Soft-touch control panel in 8 different languages Mobile by driving device The controller allows easy programming of the automatic cycle The controller is equipped with a system diagnostics and has a great language selection. Patented fast tool change system Pedpoyv I Tkjfx Agtera A single bending speed

Condition: new, neu ca. 8 Wochen ab Auftragse Italien 29100 € 555.81 € 100 mm 500 mm 1200 mm 850 mm 480 kg 43 cm³ 100 x 6 mm 3" 1/2 x 4 mm 100 x 6 mm 100 x 3,6 mm 100 x 3,6 mm 114,3 x 6,3 mm 114,3 x 6,3 mm 114,4 x 6,3 mm 88,9 x 3,65 mm 100 x 5 mm 70 mm 100 x 25 stehend, 100 x 5 mm 400 mm 36 mm 10 mm 0 - 1,3 U/min Podpfjynmr Isx Agtsra 3.5 kW quick-change tooling system digital display of bend material spring back compensation remote control of bend, return and emergency stop functions accurate counterbending die positioning footswitch 3 hexagonal tool holders heavy-duty steel gear case users manaul tools not included, prices on request

Condition: new, neu ca. 4 Wochen ab Auftragse Italien 3620 € 38 mm 245 mm 300 mm 320 mm 23 kg 19 cm³ 38 x 1,5 mm 38 x 1,5 mm 35 x 3 mm 30 x 2 mm 35 x 1,5 mm 42 x 1,5 mm 42 x 1,5 mm Prsdpfxewiqxie Agtsa 50 x 2 mm 50 x 2 mm 50 x 4 mm 20 mm 10 x 25 mm 25 x 20 (stehend), 25 x 1 mm 180 mm 36 mm 10 mm 2,8 U/min 0.9 kW digital adjustment of the bending angle from 0 - 180 ° single phase motor 220V / 900W electric engine brake indicator light for indicating overload basement made of cast iron, suitable for mounting a tripod (tripod not included) 90° bend in 6 seconds foot pedal without tools OPTIONAL EQUIPMENT: tripod € 330,-

Condition: new, neu ca. 10 Wochen ab Auftrags Italien 106340 € 2009.83 € 150 mm 1000 mm 1900 mm 1475 mm 2700 kg Podpoynmtlofx Agtora 170 cm³ 150 x 7,1 mm 6" x 7,11 mm 150 x 9 mm 141,3 x 6,55 mm 141,3 x 6,55 mm 168,3 x 9 mm 168,3 x 9 mm 64 x 6 mm 88,9 x 3,65 mm 110 mm 150 x 45 stehend, 150 x 6 mm 800 mm 100 mm 10 mm 1 U/min 15 kW TCPlus Control with 7“ Touchscreen Programmable bending speed for each individual bend Possibility to bend left and right Users manaul

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 1994, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 13960, overall weight: 3,340 kg, Göteneds K25-25 A1200 Kombi – Metalworking Machine For sale is a robust and reliable combination machine from the Swedish manufacturer Göteneds. This machine is ideally suited for industrial metalworking applications, distinguished by its sturdy construction and precise operation. Technical Data: Manufacturer: Göteneds (Sweden) Model: K25-25 A1200 Kombi Working area (SS 1312): 2550 x 25 mm Serial number: 13960 Year of manufacture: 06/1994 Weight: approx. 3,340 kg Description: The machine is designed for demanding applications, offering high stability and dependable performance in continuous operation. Its massive construction makes it particularly well-suited for precise machining processes. Condition: Prodsy D A Hnspfx Agtea Used, fully operational (more detailed condition information can be added – e.g., "can be inspected under power" or "regularly serviced"). Special features: High-quality machine made in Sweden Excellent build quality Industrial-grade design

Condition: new, functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2025, pipe diameter (max.): 38 mm, bending angle (max.): 190 °, bending radius (max.): 220 mm, total length: 2,500 mm, power: 14 kW (19.03 HP), input voltage: 400 V, input frequency: 50 Hz, type of input current: three-phase, warranty duration: 24 months, drive type: Servo - Hydraulic, pressure: 150 bar, wall thickness: 2 mm, working length: 2,500 mm, Equipment: documentation/manual, 38x2mm Twin Head Tube Bending Machine The “Gemini” tube bending machines structures. This type of tube benders bend the tubes with own two bending heads. Gemini has 3 different type which are B, BF, BFR. Ø38mmx2mm Podpfx Aovx D Dxjgtsra BFR series makes bending, rotating and feeding operation automatically.

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, BENDMASTER 70 Tube and Profile Bending Machine The BENDMASTER 70 tube and profile bending machine is an industrial, non-mandrel bending machine designed for precise bending of steel tubes, square profiles, and materials with larger cross-sections. Thanks to its robust construction, automated bending angle measurement system, and powerful drive unit, the machine provides repeatability, efficiency, and reliability – even during intensive production work. It is an ideal solution for heavy industry, construction, and industrial installation applications. Main advantages of the machine Non-mandrel bending system – enables tube bending without the need for a mandrel, simplifying operation and accelerating the production process. Maximum tube capacity of 70 × 5 mm – allows processing of thick-walled steel and structural tubes. 5 kW main drive motor – provides high torque and reliable bending performance even with demanding materials. Digital bending angle display – real-time monitoring of preset and actual values enables precise parameter adjustment. Two-speed operating system – 1.2 rpm during bending and 2.4 rpm during return movement increase overall cycle efficiency. Stable welded steel construction – ensures resistance to deformation and vibration, even under heavy loads. Dies for tube diameters 38.1 mm, 48.3 mm, and 70 mm – the machine includes tooling for the most commonly used industrial tube sizes. Design and technology The BENDMASTER 70 has been designed as a non-mandrel roller bending machine with an electro-hydraulic drive system, suitable for heavy-duty operation. The powerful 5 kW main motor enables stable and safe bending of large-diameter tubes. The digital bending angle measurement system integrated with the control panel allows precise programming and monitoring of operating parameters. The machine features a compact design and can be integrated into production lines. Precision and work efficiency The BENDMASTER 70 steel tube bending machine provides complete control over the bending process. The die rotation speed during bending (1.2 rpm) ensures accuracy and process safety, while the fast return speed (2.4 rpm) improves productivity. The ability to bend up to 180° allows the production of complete arcs and spiral shapes, including large-section structural tubes. The machine is designed for precise forming of components where dimensional accuracy is critical. Applications The BENDMASTER 70 bending machine is used in many industrial sectors, including: production of steel structures and load-bearing components, construction and installation industries, HVAC and heating system installations, production of railings, gates, and industrial fencing, prefabrication plants for piping systems. Standard equipment Digital bending angle measurement system Tube bending dies: Ø 38.1 mm Prjdpfx Agsvugv Ajtsa Ø 48.3 mm Ø 70 mm Technical specifications Parameter Value Maximum tube bending capacity 70 × 5 mm Maximum square profile capacity 50 × 50 × 2 mm Maximum bending angle 180° Die rotation speed during bending 1.2 rpm Die rotation speed during return 2.4 rpm Main motor power 5 kW Overall dimensions 1300 × 700 × 900 mm Weight 680 kg

Condition: new, neu ca. 4 Wochen ab Auftragse Italien 9340 € 180.26 € 48 mm 570 mm 410 mm 1000 mm 110 kg 6 cm³ 48 x 3,5 mm 1"1/2 x 3.68 mm 54 x 1,5 mm 50 x 4 mm 48 x 2 mm 48 x 2 mm 60 x 3 mm 64 x 2 mm 64 x 2 mm 60 x 2 mm 50 x 4 mm 32 mm 45 x 16 stehend, 45 x 25 mm 300 mm 10 mm 10 mm 2/3 U/min 1.5 kW 3 phase digital display of bend material spring back compensation quick-change tooling system 2 hexagonal tool holders accurate counterbending die positioning portable with base wheels footswitch users manual ALTERNATIVELY ALSO AVAILABLE AS FOLOWING MODEL (PRICE ON REQUEST): SB 48M (single phase, 2 r/min) Model with TCPlus control on request MACHINE-KIT WITH TOOLS (PRICES ON REQUEST): . maschine tube radius SB 48M K2D SB 48M Gas inch 2 x Ø SB 48T K2D SB 48T Gas inch 2 x Ø tools: Ø 1/2" (21,3 mm), R46 Ø 3/4" (26,9 mm), R56 Ø 1" (33,7 mm), R67 Ø 1" 1/4 (42,25 mm), R90 Ø 1" 1/2 (48,25 mm), R100 . maschine tube radius SB 48M K3D SB 48M Gas inch 3 x Ø SB 48T K3D SB 48T Gas inch 3 x Ø tools: Ø 1/2" (21,3 mm), R67 Ø 3/4" (26,9 mm), R82 Prjdpfx Agewirlkstsa Ø 1" (33,7 mm), R112 Ø 1" 1/4 (42,25 mm), R130 Ø 1" 1/2 (48,25 mm), R150

Condition: excellent (used), functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2020, roller diameter: 60 mm, working width: 1,050 mm, sheet thickness (max.): 1 mm, roll metal bending machine Isitan 1050 X 1.2mm Manual 3 roll Bending Machine, excellent condition for sale manufacturer: Isitan 1050X1.2 max sheet width: 1050mm max sheet thickness: 1.2 mm Wire grooves at the ends of the rollers Conical bender roller diameter: 60mm Upper roller removable for easy workpiece removal machine dimensions: length: 130cm Pedpowk Rlxofx Agtsra height: 100cm width: 65cm weight: 240kg

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 1989, functionality: fully functional, pressing force: 30 t, We offer this good Bihler GRM 80 punching and bending machine, year of construction 1989. Pedpfx Ageywty Estjra with 5 slides, 30T press, straightener, feeder with decoiler Tooling is not included If you have any questions or need more information, feel free to send us a message or give us a call.

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 1991, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: B698, overall weight: 6,000 kg, total height: 1,800 mm, total length: 5,000 mm, total width: 2,000 mm, IMCAR SIHR 8/5 Three-Roll Bending Machine - Bending length: approx. 3100 mm - Roller thickness: approx. 250 mm Prsdezkhznjpfx Agtoa Note: The item must be collected between September 15 and September 17, 2026, on a date to be determined. FCA D-76474 Au am Rhein - loaded onto a truck.

Condition: used, angle steel/side length / mm double T-iron on the x-axis / mm U-iron on the x-axis / mm BPR Brescia – Model C-602-HE, hydraulic 3-roll profile and pipe bending machine Technical Data BPR C-602-HE Specifications Manufacturer BPR – Brescia, Italy Model C-602-HE Type Hydraulic 3-roll bending machine Operation Horizontal and vertical Number of rolls 3 Roll diameter 100 mm Shaft diameter 60 mm Shaft length 150 mm Max. roll spacing (center-to-center) 400 mm Motor power 2.2 kW Mains voltage 380 V Dimensions approx. 850 × 1,120 × 1,700 mm Weight approx. 1,100 kg Hydraulic feed Yes Rotation direction Clockwise/counter-clockwise Podpfjzu A U Dex Agtera Information subject to change / without guarantee

Condition: excellent (used), functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2013, pipe diameter (max.): 30 mm, input voltage: 400 V, input frequency: 50 Hz, Equipment: CE marking, documentation/manual, emergency stop, foot remote control, hardened rollers, HUVEMA MIP30 Profile bending machine, pipe bending machine 30mm ct2437 For sale in excellent condition HUVEMA MIP30 profile bending machine, pipe bending machine Manufacturer: HUVEMA MIP 30 Predpfx Agszq Sqtstea Type: MIP 30 Year of manufacture: 2013 Rollers: 2 driven Upper roller up-down movement manually Max. shaft diameter: 30 mm Working speed: 4 m/min Bending capacity: - Flat steel: 50 x 10 mm - Square 35 mm - Closed section: 40x 40 mm - Pipe 48 x 3 mm Power: 400 V / 0.75 kW 50Hz Electric foot switch, with emergency stop Standard bending set Weight: approx. 200 kg Dimensions: W 650 x H 1350 x D:580 mm

Condition: like new (used), functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2007, FASTI TYPE 209 - 1600mm / Swivel bending machine incl. segment rail -CE marking -Working width 1620mm -Max. sheet thickness steel 3.0mm -Max. sheet thickness stainless steel 2.0mm -Max. sheet thickness aluminum 4.0mm -Upper die stroke / Manual / Handwheel -Bending die / Manual -Clamping / Mechanical -Manual bending / Angle adjustment -Additional SEGMENT BENDING RAIL -Various accessories (see pictures) -Application / Precision bending of steel / stainless steel / aluminum -Manual back gauge -Documentation Dimensions: L x W x H 2.9 x 1.6 x 1.7 meters / Weight 1800 kg Errors and omissions excepted Predpfx Aezwqtgsgtsa

Condition: new, neu ca. 8 Wochen ab Auftragse Italien 39500 € 754.45 € 127 mm 850 mm 1200 mm 850 mm 720 kg 80 cm³ 127 x 7,1 mm 4" x 8,56 mm 127 x 7,1 mm 114,3 x 5,6 mm 114,3 x 5,6 mm 139,7 x 8,8 mm 139,7 x 8,8 mm Pjdpeynmr Uofx Agtsra 64 x 6 mm 88,9 x 3,65 mm 50 x 4 mm 90 mm 130 x 25 stehend, 130 x 6 mm 700 mm 36 mm 10 mm 0 - 0,75 U/min 3.5 kW digital read out for bending angle 4 hexagonal tool holders (40, 50 80 and 110 mm) Possibility to bend left and right Users manaul Tools on request

Condition: good (used), Here are the official specifications of your *BPR CP30* – 30mm spindle: Prsdpozwg Rzefx Agtoa It is a small but very versatile machine. Capabilities for mild steel: *Manufacturer's data for BPR / Eagle CP30:* - *Flat bar to flat bar:* 80 x 15 mm max - *Flat bar on edge:* 50 x 10 mm (to be verified, but standard on CP30) - *Round tube:* 60.3 mm x 2 mm (2-3/8" x .062") - *Square tube:* 38 mm x 3 mm (1-1/2" x .120") - *Round solid bar:* 30 mm max - *Square solid bar:* 30 mm also - *Gas pipe / Pipe:* 1"1/2 Sch 40, i.e. 48.3 mm - *U-channel:* 50 x 25 x 5 mm - *Angle iron:* 40 x 40 x 5 mm (external) / 35 x 35 x 5 mm (internal) d019775a *Technical specifications:* - Spindle diameter: 30 mm - 2 drive rollers (the lower 2) - Bending speed: 8.5 m/min - US speed: 12 feet/min - Weight: 210-247 kg depending on version (yours is 187 kg on the plate = older, lighter version) d019 In short, it is perfect for standard locksmithing/metalworking.

Condition: new, functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2025, laser power: 1,500 W, positioning speed: 80 m/min, repeat accuracy: 0.03 mm, input frequency: 50 Hz, warranty duration: 24 months, working range: 6,000 mm, Equipment: cooling unit, safety light barrier, G-12A Predpfxeuc Sifo Agtja HIGH SPEED PROFESSIONAL TUBE LASER CUTTING MACHINE 1500-3000W The G series is equipped with many high-quality components with extreme performance and powerful cutting functions,suitable for tube cutting of various types and diameters ● The Highest Standards of Chucks in the Industry ● Two Methods for Fewer-tailing Cutting ● Variable Diameter Wheel Supporting ● Automatic Unloading Device ● Super Dust Removal System ● Patented Dust Baffle ● High-strength Cage Structure Welded Machine Bed Technical Parameter: Power: 1500W-3000W Maximum Tube Processing Size: 6000mm*φ120mm Max. Rotating Speed of Chucks: 160r/min X/Y-axis Positioning Accuracy≤0.05mm X/Y-axis Repositioning Accuracy≤±0.03mm Maximum positioning speed: 80m/min Max. Acceleration: 1.5G Round Tube Processing Dim: Φ10mm-Φ120mm Square Tube Processing Dim: 10mm*120mm Overall Dimensions: 9000mm*2700mm The Highest Standards of Chucks in the Industry The highest standards of chucks in the industry with strong clamping force, high rigidity, high speed, and stable performance Two Methods for Fewer-tailing Cutting Support two fewer-tailing cutting methods , choose one of them on the software interface according to different tube diameters Chuck double jaws: standard double jaws, small tube cutting precision is guaranteed Support: 2 sets of variable diameter wheel support standard (optional to increase to 3 sets)/optional servo support Unloading: [3M/4M] cylinder unloading rack/optional-[3M/4M] servo unloading rack/optional Loading: [Fully automatic loading rack/simple fully automatic loading rack/semi-automatic loading rack]/optional Dust removal: standard rear card hollow dust removal Short tail: chuck fixed, crossbeam fixed, short tail, front card open, rear card Continue to move forward, shorten the tail, ≥80 mm; if the short tail function is not used, the tail is about 200 mm Variable Diameter Wheel Supporting G Series has a wide range of cutting for various types and diameters of tubes, supported by the variable diameter wheel Automatic Unloading Device Efficient automatic unloading, saving time and labor costs, greatly improving production efficiency Super Dust Removal System The super dust removal system with ventilation design inside the chuck and the tube reduces the slag hanging in the tube, which is independently researched and developed by Glorystar Patented Dust Baffle Patented dust baffle protects important components from pollution and ensures stable performance High-strength Cage Structure Welded Machine Bed The industry’s highest-quality high strength cage structure welded machine bed with long life, anti-vibration, anti-torsion and anti-deformation

Year of construction: 2025, condition: new, functionality: fully functional, High Speed · High Precision · High Stability The VS series high-speed laser tube cutter for small pipes has arrived! This machine features a high-precision chuck system designed specifically for tube cutting. With excellent sealing and dust protection, it delivers clamping accuracy within ≤0.1mm ideal for ultra-precise small tube processing. The chuck rotates up to 160 RPM, with acceleration reaching 1.5G, easily enabling high-efficiency processing of small-diameter tubes. easily enabling high-efficiency processing of small-diameter tubes. it supports true ultra-short tail cutting saving cost from the very beginning. Podpfowwzudjx Agtera Available in 3000W and 6000W, Handles square and round tubes from 10mm to 120mm in diameter, Also capable of cutting angle steel, channel steel, and I-beams A true all-rounder for small pipe fabrication. Supports automatic or semi-automatic loading Effortlessly enables smart and automated processing. One machine replaces three workers — A powerful and efficient tool for small pipe manufacturing!

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1996, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 14151, overall weight: 3,485 kg, working width: 3,100 mm, sheet thickness (max.): 2 mm, We are offering this used Göteneds K25-30 A 1200 bending machine, manufactured in 1996. Model: K25-30 A 1200 Working area: 3100mm x 2.0 mm Predpfxezdzxgj Agtea Manufacturing number: 14151 Year of manufacture: 12/96 Weight: 3485 kg The machine received a new gearbox and a new display some time ago. The machine is in good used condition and has some minor inaccuracies due to its age. However, it is perfectly adequate for many applications. If you have any questions or require further information, please send us a message or call us.

Year of construction: 1992, condition: good (used), machine/vehicle number: 10-166, OFFER 13467 Technical data: Predpohrm Iuofx Agtea - Maximum material thickness with a tensile strength of 40 kg/mm²: approx. 3 mm - Shaft diameter: 45 mm - Manual hydraulic adjustment of the upper roller - Electric foot switch - Drive: 400 V / 1.1 kW - Space requirement: approx. W 550 x H 1200 x D 1200 mm - Weight: approx. 180 kg

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1983, Max. bend length: 1640 mm Max. sheet thickness: 3 mm steel Manual and automatic bending process possible Bending angle adjustable via potentiometer Psdpezvw Rpsfx Agtsra Hub height of the upper gantry and material thickness adjustable via switch Manual backgauge with spring fingers Weight: approx. 1600 kg

Condition: excellent (used), functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2008, actuation type: hydraulic, The Baileigh Industrial R-H85 is a heavy-duty, industrial-grade hydraulic double-pinch roll bender designed for precision metal fabrication. It is engineered to minimize material waste and deliver highly accurate, repeatable bends for high-capacity applications. Core Specifications & Capabilities Bending Capacity: Capable of handling up to 3″ Schedule 40 pipe and 3-3/8″ x 3-3/8″ x 1/4″ angle iron. Double-Pinch Design: Features a fixed top roll and two lower rolls driven by independent hydraulic cylinders. This setup allows for pre-bending and post-bending, minimizing the unbent straight sections at the edges of the material to reduce scrap metal waste. Driven Rolls: Equipped with an industrial-grade hydraulic transmission that powers all 3 rolls at a speed of 5.2 rpm. Versatile Operation: The machine can be adjusted to operate in either a vertical position for smaller diameters or a horizontal position when rolling larger radii. Podozn Rdmspfx Agtora Key Features Precision Control: Includes a portable operator pedestal housing an integrated digital readout (DRO). Encoders communicate with the DRO for exact positioning of the lower rolls, and programmable stops ensure easy repeatability across large production runs. Anti-Twist Lateral Guides: Features hydraulically powered lateral angle guide rolls that keep structural shapes properly aligned and prevent twisting during the bending process. Segmented Tooling: Comes standard with hardened tool steel, segmented drive rolls that can be reconfigured to match various material sizes and shapes. Heavy-Duty Build: Constructed from heavy steel plate that is both bolted and welded to eliminate framework flex even when operating at maximum capacity.

Condition: new, neu ca. 8 Wochen ab Auftragse Italien 12460 € 239.23 € 60 mm 500 mm 760 mm 1000 mm 186 kg 10 cm³ 60 x 4 mm 2" x 3,91 mm Prsdpewiru Sjfx Agtoa 60 x 4 mm 60 x 2 mm 60 x 3 mm 60 x 6 mm 64 x 6 mm 64 x 6 mm 63 x 4 mm 50 x 4 mm 35 mm 35 x 35 mm 60 x 20 stehend, 60 x 35 mm 380 mm 10 mm 10 mm 1,5 / 3 U/min 1.5 kW quick-change tooling system digital display of bending angle material spring back compensation foot pedal for hands-free operation accurate counterbending die positioning users manual tools not included, priced on request

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1994, Product information "Boschert Hydraulic CNC Punching Machine" Type / Model: Boschert EL 750 digital Condition: Used Year of manufacture: 1994 Technical data Working area & dimensions Overhang (Y-axis): 750 mm Travel range (X-axis): 1500 mm Max. sheet size (without repositioning): 720 x 1700 mm Performance data & capacity Max. hydraulic punching force: Standard 280 kN Max. sheet thickness*: up to 12.7 mm Max. punching diameter: Ø 105 mm Stroke rate: max. 100 strokes/min Tooling: Original Trumpf® tool system Prsdpfx Aezp Raqogtoa Positioning accuracy with 2-axis digital display: ± 0.1 mm Connection power: 4 kVA Control voltage: 220 V Required fuse rating: 3 x 16 A Installation dimensions (W x D x H): approx. 3400 mm x 1580 mm x 1600 mm Weight: approx. 3400 kg Equipment - includes various tools / accessories * Material-dependent, usually designed for thin sheet metal up to 6 mm at full diameter or any shape that fits into a circle of Ø 105 mm Inquiry item: Transportation costs in individual offer.

Condition: new, neu ca. 8 Wochen ab Auftragse Italien Pedpfxowiq Nhj Agtera 14020 € 269.18 € 76 mm 370 mm 680 mm 910 mm 193 kg 15 cm³ 76 x 3 mm 2" x 5,4 mm 76 x 3 mm 70 x 4 mm 76 x 1,6 mm 76 x 4 mm 76 x 6 mm 76 x 6 mm 76,3 x 3,25 mm 50 x 4 mm 45 mm 75 x 15 stehend, 75 x 30 mm 380 mm 10 mm 10 mm 1/2 U/min 3.5 kW digital display of bend material spring back compensation quick-change tooling system 2 hexagonal tool holders (40 and 50 mm accurate counterbending die positioning foot pedal users manual tools not included