Used Ayel-Tech Pk 40 230V for sale (28,537)

Condition: ready for operation (used), Baldor BSC1105-24 servo drive INPUT 3AC230V ID/No: 20405C SN: BEDBB32950, used, as-new condition, 100% functional, scope of delivery as per photos. Kodpfx Agey Npzie Aedu

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 1997, Stainless Steel Tank 500 Liters with SCABA Agitator and Measurement Technology Kjdpeyxvwpofx Ag Aedu Manufacturer: Food Tech Tank Type: Stainless steel tank with agitator Capacity: 500 l Year of manufacture: 1997 Quantity available: 2 units Agitator: SCABA Motor power: 0.37 kW Protection class: IP55 Load cells: FLINTAB Type: SB4-5kN-GP Measurement technology: Endress+Hauser Liquiphant Supply voltage: 10–55 V DC Equipment and Accessories Agitator fully assembled Internal mixing system with agitator blades Manhole with cover Filling opening with grate insert Level sensor Endress+Hauser Liquiphant FLINTAB load cell system integrated into support frame Discharge at the bottom with connection Pipe fittings and valves

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2021, functionality: fully functional, grinding length: 1,600 mm, grinding width: 500 mm, workpiece weight (max.): 900 kg, grinding wheel diameter: 355 mm, rapid traverse X-axis: 1 m/min, travel speed (max.): 25 mm/min, TECHNICAL DETAILS Table size: 500 x 1,600 mm Max. grinding area: 500 x 1,600 mm Max. distance from spindle center to worktable: 600 mm Load capacity (with magnetic chuck): 900 kg Axis parameters Longitudinal feed speed: 5–25 m/min Cross rapid traverse (X-axis): 50–1,000 mm/min Cross feed, incremental: 1–20 mm/stroke Cross hand feed (MPG): 0.005 mm/click Vertical rapid traverse (Z-axis): 50–500 mm/min Vertical automatic feed: 0.005–0.04 mm/stroke Vertical hand feed (MPG): 0.005 mm/click Grinding wheel Dimensions (outside diameter x width x bore): 355 x 20~50 x 127 mm Spindle speed: 1,440 rpm Drive capacities Spindle motor: 7.5 kW Hydraulic pump motor: 3 kW Servo motor, cross feed: 0.5 kW Servo motor, vertical feed: 2 kW Coolant pump: 0.125 kW Lubrication pump: 0.06 kW Total connected load: 14 kVA MACHINE DETAILS Dimensions & weight Required installation space: 7,120 x 2,550 mm Height: 2,700 mm Kedpfx Agoyymkcj Aodu Machine weight: approx. 6,000 kg EQUIPMENT PLC + HMI automatic grinding control Integrated control for magnetic chuck Coolant tank Balancing arbor Grinding wheel flange and puller Wheel dresser stand MPG handwheels for Y/Z axis Operating manual Splash guard Standard grinding wheel Levelling wedges and bolts

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2020, functionality: fully functional, REF: MM6424 Ksdpfx Agjy Uni Ne Asdu 1 x AL Tech UK Labelling Technologies Ltd high-performance 'print and apply' label applicator with infeed conveyor and Zebra ZE500 printer. Used to apply labels onto the short and long sides of pre-formed cardboard boxes. Manufacturer - ALTech UK Labelling Technologies Ltd. Model - ALritma S. Date of manufacture – 2020. Controls - 40 x programs, controlled by colour 4.3'' touch-screen. Label width - 20 mm to 107 mm wide. Speed - 50 m/minute. Electrical requirements - 110-230 V / 50-60 hz / 1 phase. Video available on request.

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2023, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 100, input voltage: 400 V, track width: 660 mm, type of input current: three-phase, power: 0.4 kW (0.54 HP), input frequency: 50 Hz, electrical fuse: 16 A, Product distributor with 8 outlets and cutting system for kebab strips For sale: complete stand-alone product distributor/splitter with 8 outlets, designed for the even distribution, extrusion, and cutting of kebab strips or similar meat products. The unit is sold as a stand-alone machine, complete with a support frame, pneumatic cutting system, and product conveyor belt. A vacuum filler or other dosing machine is not included. Technical specifications: Product distributor with 8 outlets Splitter model: 160/76/8/DN32 Separate eccentric impeller pump system per outlet Rotors interconnected via a central drive shaft Main housing and impellers made of stainless steel Rotors and rings made of wear-resistant technical polymer Standard product connection: DN65, length approximately 500 mm Outlets equipped with DN32 swivel couplings Outlets at an angle of approximately 30° Shape and dimensions of the extrusion outlets depend on the existing design Includes tools for disassembling the rotors Mobile stainless steel frame Stainless steel C-frame Suitable for positioning above a conveyor belt or packaging machine Mobile on wheels Height adjustable by approximately ±30 mm Robust and hygienic design for use in the food industry Pneumatic cutting system Cutting system for all 8 outlets Pneumatically driven cutting mechanism Mounted on the front of the outlet manifold Stainless steel cutting blade Equipped with a safety guard Includes a safety microswitch Cutting cycle can be synchronized with an external vacuum filler or dosing machine Product conveyor belt Stainless steel construction Variable belt speed Length: approximately 1,000 mm Working height: approximately 900 mm ±50 mm Width adjusted to the 8 product outlets Includes an electrical and pneumatic switch cabinet Equipped with a safety guard and safety switches Suitable for: Kebab strips Meat strips Ground meat and meat products Kdsdpezqc U Nefx Ag Aju Production across 8 uniform lanes Automatic loading onto a conveyor belt or packaging line

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2021, DMU LASER TECH Fiber Laser Welder Like new - Year 2021 CE. 1 Kw MT 1000P Ksdpfsv Amxmex Ag Aodu Complete with cable and torch.

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2011, Vibratory feeder for sale, price is for one unit Ksdpjwydkgjfx Ag Aedu

Condition: good (used), functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2014, Crane system with electric crane trolley, chain hoist, and vacuum device – complete. Kodpexp Nycsfx Ag Aedu Crane rails GISKB II, length 9 meters Crane bridge HEA120, length 4400 mm Electric crane trolley GIS Chain hoist GIS GP500/1, 0.5 t, hook height approx. 5 m Vacuum device DEVO-Tech, D-TB-300.03, payload 300 kg Dismantled

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2023, operating hours: 1 h, functionality: fully functional, Equipment: rotational speed infinitely variable, 3V TECH BE 2500 GLASS-LINED REACTOR – UNUSED – YEAR 2023 Complete with agitator drive and glass-lined agitator CONDITION Unused 3V Tech BE 2500 glass-lined reactor, manufactured in 2023. The reactor was installed as part of a new process plant. However, the plant was never commissioned, and the reactor has never been used in production. It is therefore offered in UNUSED condition. The reactor is currently still installed. Professional dismantling, preparation, and packing for transport will be carried out by us and is INCLUDED in the scope of supply. MAIN TECHNICAL DATA Manufacturer: 3V Tech, Italy Type: BE 2500 Year of manufacture: 2023 Nominal capacity: 2,500 liters Total vessel capacity: 3,500 liters Jacket capacity: 430 liters Heating/cooling surface: approx. 9.6 m² External vessel diameter: approx. 1,600 mm Glass lining: 3V Tech G2208, blue Design code: AD 2000 PED: Category IV, Module G DESIGN CONDITIONS Vessel: Design pressure: -1 / +4 barg Kdsdpfeyfg Azsx Ag Asu Design temperature: -30 / +160 °C Heating/cooling jacket: Design pressure: -1 / +8 barg Design temperature: -30 / +160 °C AGITATOR SYSTEM The reactor is equipped with the 3V Tech CRYOLOCK® agitator system. Agitator configuration: - 3V Tech CRYOLOCK® system - Glass-lined special impeller with lowered blades - 4-arm impeller - Single agitation level - Complete top-mounted agitator drive - Motor power: 7.5 kW - Power supply: 400 V / 50 Hz - Variable-speed operation - Mechanical seal system EQUIPMENT / FEATURES - glass-lined reactor vessel - G2208 blue glass lining - glass-lined agitator - complete agitator drive - heating/cooling jacket - DN 500 manway - sight glass / inspection connections - bottom discharge assembly - multiple process and instrumentation connections - support ring for installation - extensive original technical documentation APPLICATIONS Suitable for demanding reaction and mixing processes, particularly in the pharmaceutical, fine chemical, and chemical industries. The glass-lined construction provides excellent corrosion resistance and is suitable for processes involving aggressive media. DOCUMENTATION Extensive original manufacturer documentation is available, including technical data, drawings, and equipment documentation. DISMANTLING & PACKING INCLUDED The reactor is currently installed. CYCRON GmbH will organize and carry out the complete professional dismantling and preparation of the reactor for transport. The reactor will be professionally dismantled, secured, and packed for safe transportation. The customer therefore receives the reactor ready for collection/transport without having to organize the dismantling work. Inspection of the reactor in its currently installed condition is possible by prior appointment. Further photographs, drawings, and detailed technical documentation are available upon request. Price on request / negotiable. Subject to prior sale and technical errors.

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2023, operating hours: 1 h, functionality: fully functional, Equipment: rotational speed infinitely variable, Conical Helix Dryer Vacuum Conical Dryer HC22 Hastelloy Conical Dryer Model MIXODRY EMV/DE 950 Condition: Unused Product-contact material: 2.4602 HC22 Hastelloy Agitator: Double helix agitator (screw agitator) designed for high-viscosity products (see photos) Total volume: 965 liters Can be heated via half-pipe coil Total volume of half-pipe coil: 27 liters Operating pressure, interior: -1/+2 bar Operating pressure, half-pipe coil: -1/+8 bar Operating temperature: 0/+140°C Test pressure, interior: 4.3 bar Test pressure, half-pipe coil: 12.9 bar Empty weight: 1,400 kg Double helix agitator incl. instrumentation and fittings Hydraulic system for dryer lowering Condenser 2.0 m² HC22 (shell and tube heat exchanger) Kdjdpfxsyf A Sfe Ag Asu Control system We are pleased to provide further technical details upon request. Please contact us for a written quotation. Dismantling, packaging, and loading onto a truck will be organized and supervised by Cycron GmbH. We thus guarantee highly professional execution of all work. For further questions or to get in touch, please feel free to contact us at any time. We look forward to hearing from you. Cycron GmbH, Switzerland

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2001, operating hours: 70,180 h, clamping force: 800 kN, screw diameter: 40 mm, injection pressure: 1,830 bar, injection weight: 205 g, Demag Ergotech Viva 800-400 (144) Description Kedsvvtx Tjpfx Ag Aodu without hopper General information Product Code: 144 Availability: In Stock Year of production: 2001 Brand: Demag Technical data Shot Weight: 205 g Clamping Force: 800 kN Screw dia: 40 mm Injection pressure: 1830 bar Tie bar distance: 400 x 400 mm Platen size: 590 x 580 mm Mould height min.: 250 mm Type of controls: NC4 Language: German Power: 26,1 kW Workinghours: 70180 h Weight: 3600 kg Dimensions: 4,35 x 1,7 m Hopper: No Core pull: Yes

Condition: used, functionality: fully functional, Ferwood Code: RU0011405 - Condition: Used - Functionality: Fully functional - Compatible Machine: HOMAG KAL-KFL-KAR EDGEBANDING MACHINE - BIESSE STREAM - SCM STEFANI - HOLZHER - KDT - IMA - If interested we offer an overhaul service, contact us. Kjdov I Ah Uspfx Ag Aodu

Condition: used, mileage: 323,000 km, power: 294 kW (399.73 HP), first registration: 11/2015, fuel type: diesel, empty load weight: 16,120 kg, maximum load weight: 9,880 kg, overall weight: 26,000 kg, tire size: 315/70R22.5, axle configuration: 6x2, wheelbase: 5,100 mm, next inspection (TÜV): 11/2025, brakes: engine braking, color: white, driver cabin: day cab, gearing type: automatic, emission class: euro6, suspension: air, number of seats: 2, loading space length: 6,500 mm, loading space width: 2,480 mm, loading space height: 2,720 mm, Equipment: ABS, air conditioning, cabin, central locking, crane, cruise control, differential lock, electronic stability program (ESP), fog lights, onboard computer, power assisted steering, seat heater, spoiler, traction control, trailer coupling, Vehicle location: Bovenden, at company site, 1x comfort seat, seat heating, electric mirrors, heated mirrors, electric window left, electric window right, air conditioning, sun visor, cruise control, ABS (anti-lock braking system), traction control (ASR), constant throttle, roof spoiler, AS-Tronic automatic transmission, lift + lower function, differential lock, storage box, air suspension, tarpaulin and frame body, trailer coupling with air and light connections, aluminum tank, last axle liftable, last axle hydraulically steered, Edscha sliding roof, lashing rings, underride protection, side aluminium underrun protection, roof hatch, rear-mounted crane, emergency stop, grab control, foldable, 2-point hydraulic support, radio remote control, four hydraulic extensions, jib, green environmental badge Wheelbase: 5100 mm Kdsdpfsxfb I Rox Ag Aeu Superstructure: Flatbed body with sliding tarpaulin left & right, Edscha sliding roof & rear crane Palfinger PK 23002 SH-C + Jib 060A with remote control Loading height approx. 1200mm Load chart: 4.2m-4900kg, 6.2m-3200kg, 8.2m-2300kg, 10.3m-1800kg, 12.5m-1480kg + Jib 15.5m-810kg, 17.3m-720kg, 19.1m-640kg. Disc brakes on front and rear axles! Pallet forks available at extra cost! ACCESSORY INFORMATION WITHOUT GUARANTEE, subject to change, prior sale, and errors excepted!

Condition: good (used), Technical data for the pallet rack beam: Racking system: SSI Schäfer Type: PR 600 Kdsdpfx Ageynlras Aeu Included in the scope of delivery: 01x pallet rack beam, used Material color: yellow Box profile: 60 x 40 mm Beam type: TRV1-270-064-30 CE Clear span: 2,700 mm Bracket: 5 HK (hooks) 02x safety pins, used Design: fully galvanized For securing the cross beams against accidental lifting Your contacts at our company: Mr. Andre Evering Mr. Mario Klöver Mr. Falk Deutsch General information about the item: This item is only offered for collection. If transport or shipping is desired, additional costs will apply. These can be requested from us separately depending on the delivery location and scope of delivery.

Condition: excellent (used), Differential pressure indicator, transmitter, monitor, sensor, differential pressure indicator, differential pressure switch -Manufacturer: Fischer, Digital Differential Pressure Switch -Article No.: DE45520040PK03MW -Basic measuring range: 0...4 mbar -P max.: 50 mbar -Operating voltage 24 V DC/AC Ksdpfsghb Ezex Ag Asdu -Number: 2x pressure switches available -Price: per piece -Cardboard dimensions: 200/160H140 mm -Weight: 0.5 kg/piece

Year of construction: 2008, condition: excellent (used), centrifugal vertical cantilever pump chemcial pump FIP ALFA 65-40 V2CM construction of year:2008 Kdodpoh Rwbrefx Ag Aou DN:50 Nominal flow 40 m³/h Nominal head:45 m p [bar]: 16 T [°C]: -25 ÷ + 140 RPM: 1470 electrical power 16,5KW 400V 50Hz 34,7 A engine speed: 1470 Execution: vertical, radially split volute casing pumps sump pump or channel impeller Applications: handling of paint, aggressive and process liquids, even with the presence of solid particles in suspension, in chemicals and petrochemicals industries length: 1700mm width: 700mm weight:450 kg

Condition: used, Your contacts at our company: Ksdpfx Agodh Ubls Aodu Mr. Andre Evering Mr. Marcel Brahms Mr. Simon Blank Technical data for the wide-span shelving crossbeam: Manufacturer: Nimar Type: MI 50 The scope of supply includes: 1x Wide-span shelving crossbeam, used Material color: gray Crossbeam type: MI 50 Box profile: 60 x 40 mm Clear width: 2,000 mm 2x Locking pins, used Design: fully galvanized For securing the longitudinal beams against unintentional lifting out Our services at a glance: (Prices upon request) - Assembly Our general assembly conditions apply - Shelf inspection Shelf inspection according to DIN EN 15635, carried out according to the requirements of BGR 234, visual inspection for all shelving systems - Delivery with our own fleet (without unloading)

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2001, CLAMPING UNIT Clamping force: 2000 kN Locking force: 2200 kN Max. opening stroke: 575 mm Min. mould height: 310 mm Max. mould height: 660 mm (760 mm with WA) Max. distance between platens: 1235 mm (1335 mm with WA) Platen size (H x V): 830 x 830 mm Distance between tie bars (H x V): 560 x 560 mm Max. mould weight: 2500 kg Kjdpfxsz D Uyuo Ag Asdu Max. mould weight on moving platen: 1700 kg HYDRAULIC EJECTOR Ejector stroke: 180 mm Ejector force: 80 kN Ejector retraction force: 35 kN INJECTION UNIT (840) Screw diameter: 60 mm L/D ratio: 20 Injection pressure: 1351 bar Stroke volume: 636 cm³ Shot weight (PS): 570 g Max. dosing stroke: 225 mm Barrel heating power: 23.1 kW Electric screw drive (WA): 20.5 kW Hopper capacity: 70 l

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2000, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 52000901-01, spindle bore: 52 mm, spindle speed (max.): 6,000 rpm, spindle motor power: 7,500 W, type of input current: AC, overall weight: 3,300 kg, Equipment: documentation/manual, CNC lathe in very good condition for sale. Turret head with 8 tool positions. Kedezxy Ngspfx Ag Asdu Hydraulic chuck D160 with numerous spare jaws. Complete documentation is available. For further information or videos, please contact me privately!

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 1997, fuel type: diesel, For sale, two Atlas Copco QAS 18 diesel generators. Both generators have a compact design and are suitable for professional use on construction sites, in workshops, and at other locations where a mobile power supply is required. Atlas Copco QAS 18 Diesel generator. 400 V connection. 230 V connection. Multiple power connections. Emergency stop. Analog meters for voltage, amperage, and frequency. Integrated fuel tank. Enclosed housing. Both generators are used and show signs of wear consistent with their age. They can be sold separately or together. Price per unit, €3,750 net. Kdjdsz Dkqpjpfx Ag Asu Price for both together, €7,500 net. Videos available upon request. Viewing and testing are possible at our location in Deventer. Haverhoek Trucks B.V. Zweedsestraat 6. 7418 BG Deventer. The Netherlands. = Additional information = Year of manufacture: June 1997 Model year: 1997 Intended use: Construction Mains voltage: 400 V Generator power: 10 kVA CE marking: yes Technical condition: very good Optical condition: good

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2020, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: A-200711, total length: 2,450 mm, total width: 780 mm, total height: 1,150 mm, input voltage: 220 V, A washing system for anilox rollers and sleeves is for sale. Further information can be found in the photos. Kdodpfx Ageww Tzie Asu

Condition: used, axle configuration: 2 axles, loading space length: 110,500 mm, loading space width: 25,100 mm, loading space height: 10,000 mm, Year of construction: 2009, Equipment: ABS, = Additional Options and Equipment = - EBS - Electronic Braking System - Rear air suspension - Front air suspension = Notes = For vehicle inquiries, please contact Mr. Seidel (by phone at CY NV 1214/20T/37). Crane: Palfinger 44002, radio remote control, support legs middle and rear, pallet tongs, additional spotlights: vehicle rear, crane, air suspension, BPW axles, drum brakes, Tridec steering, both axles steered, central lubrication system, handbrake crank, cargo space dimensions: length 11,005 mm, width 2,510 mm, height 1,000 mm, tire tread depth: 1st axle: 10–12 mm, 2nd axle: 11 mm. If desired, we can provide you with a leasing or financing offer. Mr. Seidel (phone) will be pleased to assist you. For further information, please visit our homepage. ... Subject to errors, changes, and prior sale !!! Steering axle = Further Information = Kdedpfx Agoyfp H Ne Aeu Unladen weight: 16,320 kg Payload: 20,680 kg gross vehicle weight (GVW): 37,000 kg Please contact Tobias Ebert for more information.

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2018, MG Tech Leanbox Case former Kjdpswxlm Hefx Ag Aodu Serial: HO2859 2018, Leanbox case former, 1250mm loading height, 600mm capacity cardboard, currently set for 385mm x 385mm form punch, up to 20 boxes per min, touch screen controls, max blanks 750mm x 750mm, 3Ph

Condition: used, mileage: 150 km, power: 120 kW (163.15 HP), first registration: 10/2026, fuel type: diesel, overall weight: 5,000 kg, color: white, gearing type: mechanical, emission class: euro6, number of seats: 3, loading space length: 4,400 mm, loading space width: 2,100 mm, loading space height: 2,400 mm, Equipment: ABS, air conditioning, central locking, electronic stability program (ESP), navigation system, soot filter, tail-lift, Comfort: * Infotainment package "Discover Media" * 10" touch color display * Navigation system * 4 speakers * Bluetooth * Digital radio DAB+ Kdjdpfxsw E Akco Ag Asu * Light and visibility package * LED headlights * 12V socket in the center console * 2x folding keys with remote control * 4x USB-C ports * App-Connect Wireless (or via cable) * Manual air conditioning * Double passenger seat with storage compartment * Digital cockpit * Automatic windshield wiper control * Cruise control * Fuel tank 75L * Reinforced front axle * Reinforced suspension and stabilizers * Central locking with keyless start * Multifunction display "Plus" * Rear window and interior mirror with automatic dimming function * Storage package 2 * Lockable, illuminated glove compartment * Preparation for We Connect & We Connect Plus * Electrically adjustable and heated exterior mirrors * Multifunction steering wheel * Driver's seat "ergoComfort" * Reinforced AGM battery and generator * Robust fabric upholstery "Marathon" * Fog lights with cornering function * Battery switch * Electrical connection rail Safety: * Winter tires * Front airbags for driver and passenger * Traffic sign recognition * Front Assist * Lane assist * Hill-start assist * Electronic immobilizer * Daytime running lights * Spare wheel * Driver fatigue detection * Start-stop system * Electric parking brake and emergency brake * Extended exterior mirrors Transport box: * Rear tailgate * Screen-printed floor * Combination anchor lashing rails (2 left & 2 right) * 2 lashing straps * Side door with separate lock and step * Interior and exterior lighting LED * Roof spoiler * Reversing camera * Lateral underrun protection * Aluminum wheel arches with mud flaps * Side marker lights Tail lift: Dhollandia * DH.LM10 * Load capacity 1000kg * Platform depth 1800mm * Roll-off protection * LED warning lights * Remote control with spiral cable * Trailer coupling up to 3.5t trailer load (trailer hitch ball, trailer socket 12V 13-pin) Additional extras for the body are available at an extra charge. Note: Please call briefly before your visit - we will ensure that your desired vehicle is on site. If it is not located in Wachtendonk, we will be happy to deliver it from our stock. Individual customization on request possible. Your vehicle partner since 1996. Call or email us now - we look forward to hearing from you! No liability for printing and typographical errors Errors and prior sale excepted Kind regards Pimenta Automobile

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOG NUMBER 7541 Technical specifications: - max. diameter of the main blade (without scoring blade) 400mm - max. diameter of the main blade (with scoring blade) 350mm - blade bore diameter 30mm - max. cutting height for a 400mm blade - 90 degrees - 120mm, 45 degrees – 85mm - max. cutting height for a 350mm blade - 90 degrees – 95mm, 45 degrees – 67mm - main blade adjustable up/down and at an angle - blade guard - with side carriage Kdodpfx Agsztavve Aou - cutting length on the carriage 1700mm - cutting width on the carriage 1400mm - cutting width with the guide 1350mm - main motor 6kW - table dimensions 1190x990mm - with extension 1880mm - with lengthening 1890mm - with scoring blade - max. diameter of the scoring blade 120mm - diameter of the scoring blade spindle 20mm - scoring blade motor 0.75kW - 3 types of rotational speeds 3500, 4500, 6000 rpm - brake - diameter of the dust extraction nozzle 80, 120mm - dimensions (length/width/height) 3050x2200x1600mm - weight 800kg ADVANTAGES – Made in Poland – DTR documentation – Blade guard – With scoring blade – With extension and widening – Used saw, very good condition Net price: 15900 PLN Net price: 3698 EUR, depending on the exchange rate of 4.30 EUR (Prices may vary due to higher fluctuations)