Used Universal Punching Machine for sale (73,154)

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1982, Technical details: grinding diameter: 350 mm grinding length: 1000 mm centre height: 225 mm grinding length: max. 1600 mm centre distance: 1540 mm spindle bore: 38 mm max. swivability: 90 ° weight of the machine ca.: 6,0 t dimension machine xH: 4,4 x 2,45 x 2,3 mm Machine with CNC package and DFU connection Kdjdew Rktzjpfx Ag Asu Multi-range measuring head for interrupted surface Tailstock with cylinder error correction Final balance balancing device *

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2014, functionality: fully functional, DMG Mori Sauer Lasertec 65 Shape Year of manufacture: 2014 X-axis travel: 650 mm Y-axis travel: 650 mm Z-axis travel: 560 mm Control system: Siemens 840D sl Main spindle: Speed range – main spindle: 20 – 10,000 min/-1 Drive power – main spindle: 13 / 9 kW Max. torque: 83 / 57 Nm Tool interface: HSKA63 DIN 69893 NC rotary table: Table clamping surface: 800 x 650 mm Max. table load: Swiveling range / Rotational range T-slots: 600 B: +/- 120 Kjdpfez Ix Uqjx Ag Aedu C: 360 Max. workpiece dimensions: 650 (840) x 500 mm Tool magazine: Number of tool positions: 30 Max. tool weight: 6 kg Max. tool diameter: 80 mm Max. tool diameter with free neighboring position: 160 mm Max. workpiece length: 315 mm Tool change time (tool to tool): 1.6 sec Chip removal time: 8.0 sec Feeds: Rapid traverse: 40 m/min Feed force: 7/13/10 kN Feed rate: 1 – 40,000 mm/min Total power consumption: 24 kVA Machine weight: approx. 11.5 t Space requirement: approx. 4.5 x 3.5 x 2.3 m Documentation Coolant system Electrical handwheel Laser head: 100 watts Laser operating hours: 6177 h / 2802 h Machine operating hours: 18703 h / 4738 h

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2009, functionality: fully functional, travel distance X-axis: 1,200 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 700 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 700 mm, feed rate X-axis: 24 m/min, feed rate Y-axis: 24 m/min, feed rate Z-axis: 24 m/min, controller manufacturer: FANUC, controller model: OI-MC, table width: 700 mm, table length: 1,400 mm, table load: 1,000 kg, spindle speed (max.): 10,000 rpm, spindle motor power: 15,000 W, spindle nose: DIN 40 ISO, number of slots in tool magazine: 24, CNC FANUC – OI-MC TABLE Table dimensions: 1400 x 700 mm T-slot dimensions / pitch: 5-18 x 125 mm Maximum allowable weight: 1000 kg CAPABILITIES: X-axis longitudinal travel: 1200 mm Y-axis transverse travel: 700 mm Z-axis vertical travel: 700 mm Kdedpjz H Npcefx Ag Aou SPINDLE: Spindle mount: DIN40 ISO Rotational speed: 10,000 rpm Motor power: 11/15 kW FEEDS: Rapid traverse rate for X, Y, Z axes: 24000 mm/min Complete with: - Rotating table, 4th axis, with LCM HP250 tailstock - 24-position RANDOM-type tool magazine - Variety of collets - Remote electronic handwheel Year of manufacture: 2009

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2017, functionality: fully functional, Equipment: documentation/manual, We offer you: Manufacturer: Chiron Type: FZ08 MT Precision+ high speed plus Year of manufacture: 2017 Control system: Fanuc 31i-B5 Technical data: Travel ranges: X-axis: 210 mm Y-axis: 200 mm Z-axis: 360 mm B-axis: -10° to +100° C-axis: 360° Main spindle: Speed range – main spindle: max. 54,000 rpm Drive power – main spindle (100/25%): 3.5 / 5.2 kW Torque: max. 2 Nm Turning spindle: Max. bar diameter: 32 mm Speed range: 15 – 8,000 rpm Drive power (100/15%): 9 / 12 kW Torque: max. 14.3 Nm NC 2-axis swiveling unit: Swiveling angle: -60° to +180° NC rotary table diameter: 170 mm Tool changer: Tool holder: HSK-E 32 Number of tool positions: 40 Max. tool diameter: 45 / 100 mm Max. tool length: 200 mm Max. tool weight: 1.2 kg Tool change time: approx. 0.8 sec Chip-to-chip time: approx. 2.5 sec Feed rates: Rapid traverse (x/y/z): 75 m/min Operating hours: approx. 37,280 h Spindle hours: approx. 11,360 h Please refer to the PDF in the attachment for technical features and accessories. Accessories, tools shown in the images, and clamping devices are only included in the scope of delivery if this is noted in the additional information. Kedpfsz I U D Uex Ag Ajdu Subject to change and errors in technical data and specifications, as well as prior sale!

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2002, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 2507, Used CNC bed milling machine / traveling column milling machine with automatic tool changer and swivel head. Manufacturer: TIGER S.p.A. (Italy) Type: TFA 5 RT Year of manufacture: 2002 Serial number: 2507 The "RT" designation at Tiger indicates a version with a rotary table or 5-axis machining capability. Heidenhain CNC control (probably TNC 426 or TNC 430) Automatic tool changer Tool magazine Tiger TFA 5 RT ISO 50 tool holder Swivel milling head Kdsdjzffnujpfx Ag Aeu Bed-type machine with a large working area Full enclosure Tool changer Weight 650 kg Connection 400 V / 50 Hz Power output 45 kW Maximum current 80 A Technical data X-axis travel 2,500 mm Y-axis travel 1,200 mm Z-axis travel 1,200 mm Table size 1,000 x 1000 mm Tool holder ISO 50 Spindle speed 2,500 rpm Main drive 45 kW Number of tool positions 60 Machine weight 12,000 kg

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1987, Technical details: x-travel: 700 mm y-travel: 500 mm z-travel: 600 mm table swivelling +/-: A-Achse: 20° / 60° Grad table rotating: B-Achse: 360° Grad control: Maho 432 (3-D Bahnsteuerung) Max. Milling-capacity: ST: 60 und GG: 22 mm tool changer with: 24 Plätze number of spindle speeds: 20 - 6300 U/min. max. table load: 200 kg spindle taper MT: ISO 40 (hydr. Spannung) spindle head swivable left - right: 90° (manuell) ° quill stroke: 80 mm feed range: X/Z: 1 - 3000 und Y: 1 - 4000 und B: 0,1 - 3000°/min. mm/min rapid traverse:: X/Z: 10 und Y: 8 und B: 20 U/min. m/min control voltage: 110/220 V total power requirement: ca. 20 kVA Weight approx.: 5,5 t dimension machine xH: 3,0 x 2,4 x 2,25 m space requirements of the machine approx.: 5,2 x 5,0 x H: 2,3 m NC rotary table Ø 520 mm with A and B axes Adjustable three-phase motor with 4-stage reduction gear Working spindle can be swiveled out for horizontal spindle Kodpfx Agju Idbyj Aodu Equipment: -manual control unit -coolant device -machine ilumination *

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2021, functionality: fully functional, Universal bed-type milling machine | Brand: KIHEUNG | Type: KNC U 1050 BT Year of manufacture: 2021 An ideal milling machine for high chip removal rates combined with excellent geometric machining accuracy. The machine can be inspected by prior appointment under power. Operating hours (October 2026): - Control system on: 848 h - Machine on: 15.810 h - Program run: 7.632 h - Spindle: 5.624 h Kodpfx Asz Tdlyeg Asdu TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS - Path control: HEIDENHAIN TNC 640 Travels: - X-axis: 3.000 mm - Y-axis: 1.050 mm - Z-axis: 1.300 mm Table: - Length x width: 3.200 x 900 mm, max. table load: 1 ton Feed rates: - Feed rate in all axes: 10.000 mm/min - Rapid traverse on X, Y and Z axes: 16.000 mm/min each Spindle: - Tool holder: SK 50 - Spindle speeds: 2-stage * Speed range (stage I): 0 – 1.000 rpm * Speed range (stage II): 1.001 – 4.000 rpm - Machine weight: approx. 26 tons EQUIPMENT - Path control: HEIDENHAIN TNC 640 HSCI - Full enclosure of the working area - 2 chip conveyors (hinged belt) - Linear measuring system using “HEIDENHAIN” measuring rods - AC drives, SIEMENS - ZF reduction gearbox, 2-stage, cooled - K5 Universal automatic milling head, bi-rotating, 5.000 rpm / 1.0° x 1.0° - 1 x milling head – NEW (in original packaging) – - Tool changer (chain magazine), horizontal/vertical change * Capacity: 40 positions - Cooling through the spindle - High-performance cooling system, with 2 high-pressure pumps - Touch probe, HEIDENHAIN TS 460 - Probing system for workpiece measurement, HEIDENHAIN HR 550 FS + HEIDENHAIN HRA551 FS portable, electronic handwheel with radio control - Magnetic clamping plate, SCHUNK: 800 x 500 mm - Various spare and wear parts - Documentation - CE Declaration of Conformity - Further good features … No guarantee is given as to the completeness or accuracy of the technical specifications or the equipment. - Subject to prior sale - Detailed technical data sheet and information on features are available upon request.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2017, Control Heidenhain TNC 640 x-travel 600 mm y-travel 450 mm z-travel 450 mm b-axis ° c-axis 360 ° Kdjdjz Ic Afopfx Ag Aeu spindle tunring speed 20.000 U/min Drive power at S1/S6 (40% duty cycle) 23/36 kW Torque at S1/S6 (40% duty cycle) 77/120 Nm tool taper HSK-A63 number of tool places 170 Pos. tool changing time

Condition: good (used), functionality: fully functional, FP1 Milling Machine – Fully functional with extensive accessories Kdjdez Ingispfx Ag Aju For sale is an FP1 milling machine, fully functional and with a wide range of accessories. The accessories include, among other things: Tool cabinet Dividing head Vise/Vises Various collets Various tools and other accessories The machine is sold including the accessories shown in the pictures or that are available. Condition: used, fully functional Inspection: possible by arrangement. Please feel free to contact us if you have any questions.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2011, Working range punching: 3000 x 1500 mm Control: Siemens Ksdpfxjz R Rg To Ag Asdu Standard configuration - Loading and unloading of double trolleys- including the associated control cabinet- was installed on a Trumpf Trumatic 7000-1600

Condition: good (used), Mikron WF 32 CH Universal Milling Machine Machine with chip and splash guard enclosure Equipped with a Heidenhain TNC355 control system Technical Data Manufacturer: Mikron Type: WF 32 CH Control System: Heidenhain TNC355 Travel Ranges: X 560 mm, Y 500 mm, Z 400 mm Kdsdswit Rhopfx Ag Aeu Clamping Area: 530 x 900 mm Rapid Traverse Rates: X, Y 6,000 mm/min, Z 5,000 mm/min Spindle Speed: 20 – 6,300 rpm Dimensions: 2,700 x 2,000 x 2,400 mm Weight: 2,400 kg Heidenhain TNC355 Operating Manual Heidenhain TNC355 Programming Examples Heidenhain TNC 355 Service Manual More items – new and used – can be found in our shop! International shipping costs available upon request!

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2003, functionality: fully functional, controller model: Basis Bosch Typ 3, Standard equipment: Machine - Working area 2500 x 1250 mm - Rotatable tool holder - Automatic repositioning with clamping device - Automatic tool changer with 19 stations - 2 clamping jaws - Programmable clamping device with pre-selectable - Clamping force - Dividing slide 200x200 mm - Part sorting into 2 containers - 2 good part containers - Ball tables - Tool spray lubrication - Punch scrap extraction - Scrap container - Quick shut-off for hydraulics - 10.4" TFT color screen - 3.5" floppy disk drive - Graphics programming ToPs 2000 - ToPs 2000 - Software package for PC (CD-ROM) - Safety light curtain, 2-beam - RJ45 network connection - Network connection including installation Extended machine equipment - Multitool function - Thread forming function - Marking/fast beading function - Roller tool function - Vibration-damped installation Kdedpez Rl Iwefx Ag Aju Automation - Loading and unloading device - Extended pull-out for raw material trolley - and unloading platform - Manually movable raw material trolleys - Scrap extraction system - Stop system with spread magnet - Sheet metal thickness gauge - Suction frame for loading - Gripper for unloading

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2016, Control Heidenhain x-travel 800 mm y-travel 1.020 mm z-travel 1.020 mm auto power on hours ca. 52.607 spindle hours ca. 26.021 h Condition: Used The machine has been overhauled by GROB. Technical features & accessories: - HYFRA cooling unit - KNOLL KF-220 belt filter - KNOLL 750K-1 chip conveyor - TM218-9 tool magazine Kdedpfxoz Hz Nhj Ag Asu - SCHULER LMC900 automatic pallet loader - 15-station pallet pool - Movable robot arm Accessories, tools, and workholding devices shown are included in the scope of delivery only if specified in the additional information. Subject to change, errors in technical data/specifications, and prior sale.

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 1998, Hofmann HT 200 U frame dowel and elongated hole drilling machine with angle adjustment. Kdjdpfx Aoyfta Tjg Aeu Special drilling machine for staircase construction, window construction, and universal applications through pneumatic height adjustment. Angled dowelling and picket drilling can be easily realized thanks to the rotating drilling unit. Motor with pole change, two speeds Motor power 1.5 / 1.8 kW, 1400 / 2800 rpm Motor start with a practical handle switch Precision chuck with two inserts 16mm and M10 thread Table size approx. 1100 x 240mm Linear laser for precise positioning of the workpiece Drilling unit can be rotated 65 degrees to the left and right Pneumatic adjustment of the processing height, dowelling on two levels without adjustment The desired drilling heights can be set for each drilling level using a handwheel and digital counter; the changeover is then carried out pneumatically from the front Cross adjustment approx. 320mm, stepless or in a 12mm grid Drilling stroke approx. 200mm 2 pneumatic workpiece clamps, can be placed at the front and rear of the table 2 swiveling workpiece supports 2 side stops, can also be used as a front support Chassis Dust extraction connection 80mm 4 used but good drill bits 9, 12, 16, 19mm Few paint spots have been touched up, very good condition, see original photos. A used swiveling elongated hole drilling machine in this condition is very rarely available. CE marking Operating manual Dimensions approx. 1200 x 1200 x 1200mm (L x W x H), weight 310kg. The machine can be demonstrated on site by appointment. We only offer machines that are ready for demonstration and are in stock, see "other offers from this seller".

Condition: used, Zwick / Roell Material Testing Machine / Universal Testing Machine Zwick / Roell Z020 Allround-Line BT2-FR020TNW.A50 20 kN material testing machine for tensile and compression testing with testControl II & testXpert V3.5 For sale is a used material testing machine from the manufacturer Zwick / Roell. The machine is suitable for tensile and compression tests on metals, plastics, elastomers, composite materials, and numerous other materials in the laboratory, quality assurance, research and development. Technical data: Manufacturer: Zwick / Roell Model series: Z020 Allround-Line Type: BT2-FR020TNW.A50 Testing force: 20 kN Testing direction: Tensile & Compression Testing space height: 1000 mm Crosshead speed: 0.0005–1000 mm/min Power connection: 230 V / 50–60 Hz Power consumption: 8 A Electronics: testControl II Software: Zwick / Roell testXpert V3.5 Equipment: Servo-electric material testing machine testControl II control system Industrial PC with installed testXpert V3.5 software 20 kN Xforce P load cell 2.5 kN Xforce P load cell Testing table Test fixture Various connection and cable sets Accessories as shown in the pictures Dimensions and weight: Machine dimensions (approx.): 1244 × 690 × 1324 mm (W × D × H) Weight: approx. 212 kg Kjdpfx Agjzra Rqj Aedu Application areas: Tensile testing Compression testing Material testing Quality assurance Research & Development Testing laboratory Education and training Scope of supply: 1 × Zwick / Roell Z020 Allround-Line material testing machine testControl II control system Industrial PC with installed testXpert V3.5 software 20 kN Xforce P load cell 2.5 kN Xforce P load cell Connection and cable sets Further accessories as shown in the pictures Condition: Used Visual condition as shown in the pictures Functional scope as shown in the pictures Nameplates are present The table, monitor, keyboard, and mouse shown in the photos, as well as any other items not explicitly mentioned, are not part of the sale. Shipping or freight forwarding possible. Subject to change, errors and prior sale. We will be happy to answer any further questions by telephone.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1973, functionality: not functional, machine/vehicle number: 1709, SIP MUL-1000 universal length measuring machine with a comprehensive set of original SIP accessories. Manufacturer: SIP – Société Genevoise d’Instruments de Physique, Geneva/Switzerland Year of manufacture: 1973 Machine number: 1709 Measuring range: approx. 1,000 mm The machine is offered expressly in its current condition, without any guarantee regarding functionality or accuracy. Oil was detected in the area of the scale/measuring system. A detailed fault diagnosis or repair has not been performed. Therefore, the machine is not sold as being in working order. Inspection and your own technical assessment on-site in Mönchengladbach are strongly recommended. Kdjdjzz Hq Aepfx Ag Aju

Condition: used, pressure: 70throat depth: 750messurements (LxWxH): ca. 900 x 2300 x 1900 Hole punch GEKA Puma 70/E-750 The positioning table is unfortunately defective; otherwise, the machine is in good used condition. Specifications: Punching force            70 t Punching capacity      27 in 20 mm Punches max. Drm.    70 in 8.0 mm or Drm.                        100 in 5.0 mm or Rectangular             50 in 8.0 mm or Rectangular             60 in 7.0 mm or Rectangular             70 in 6.0 mm Projection                     750 with Kdsdpfswrkcyex Ag Aou -Foot switch

Condition: good (used), Universal tool milling machine Mikron WF 2 Manufacturer: Mikron Type: WF 2 Machine category: Universal tool milling machine Spindle speeds: 12 Speed range: 50–2240 rpm Spindle speed step: 1.4 Feeds: 18 Feed range: 8–400 mm/min Feed step: 1.25 Rapid traverse rate: 1400 mm/min Kedjzw U Nfopfx Ag Aedu Milling spindle motor: 2-speed, 1.2/1.8 kW at 1400/2800 rpm Feed motor: 0.55 kW at 1400 rpm Coolant pump motor: 0.1 kW at 2800 rpm Longitudinal travel X: 420 mm Transverse travel Y: 250 mm Vertical travel Z: 335 mm automatic / 340 mm manual Vertical travel with optical measuring system: 300 mm automatic / 310 mm manual Clamping surface of fixed angle table: 250 × 700 mm Machine weight with vertical milling head and angle table: approx. 770 kg Weight with all accessories: approx. 1250 kg Position indicator: digital for X/Y/Z Machine vice: included Tool holders and collets: extensive range of accessories available Operating manual: included No guarantee is given for the accuracy, completeness, or up-to-dateness of the information provided.

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 1987, machine/vehicle number: 287, Offer 26239 Technical data: - Pressing force: 250 kN - Max. sheet thickness: 10 mm - Max. punch size / punching diameter: 105 mm - Stroke, continuously adjustable: 0 - 40 mm - Overhang: 750 mm - Highest stroke rate: 150 strokes/min Kdedpfx Agjz R Siie Aeu - Installation height: 200 mm - Drive: 400 V / 8.2 kVA - Space requirement: approx. W 4200 x H 1700 x D 1700 mm - Weight: approx. 3200 kg - Including: - Stop table, left and right, each with X-axis travel of 2000 mm - Y-axis travel: 500 mm - Quick-change tool system for punches - Foot pedal; emergency stop button - Extensive range of accessories, various tool holders - Punches and dies

Condition: used, functionality: fully functional, In this listing, you are purchasing a second-hand “Magnopro I-Cut 7550” die-cutting machine Item for sale: 1 x Magnopro I-Cut 7550 Condition: This listing is for a second-hand machine, which may show signs of wear Kdedpez I Tgusfx Ag Aeu (minor scratches or discolouration). The machine has been tested to ensure it is in working order Packaging and dispatch: You are welcome to view the machine during our opening hours. Please arrange an appointment to do so! Sturdy packaging and worldwide dispatch available on request! A video recording of a functional test will be made for you prior to dispatch or collection. For further information, please feel free to contact us directly.

Condition: good (used), functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2009, controller model: Siemens Sinumerik 840D, laser type: CO₂ laser, laser power: 3,200 W, punching force: 22 t, Standard equipment: Machine - Working area 3050 x 1550 mm - Hi-Las high-pressure cutting - Cutting head quick-change system - Programmable cutting gas selection/pressure adjustment - Capacitive height control APC - Function: ContourLas - Slag cone detection - Compact dust extraction system - Tank heating - Automatic tool changer with 19 stations (21 – clamping jaws) - 2 clamping jaws - Rotation of all tools - NC-controlled, digitally operated, maintenance-free three-phase drives - Automatic repositioning - Tool length compensation - Rapid shutdown of the hydraulics - Automatic shutdown - Automatic indexing slides, each 500 x 500 mm - Sensors for both indexing slides - Slug extraction - Forming capability - Programmable stamping tool lubrication - Programmable clamping device - Adaptive stroke length control - Safety devices - RJ 45 network connection - 3.5'' floppy disk drive + 5'' cutting head + 9" cutting head + FocusLine + MultiTool function + Thread forming function + Signing/quick beading function + Deburring and rolling technology function + Softpunch function + Additional clamping jaw + Repositioning cylinder + Vibration-damped installation Kedpfx Agoz Rl Uqo Asdu + Blow-out device for small parts + Chip conveyor with tilting container

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2002, Control Heidenhain TNC 426 M x-travel 1.350 mm y-travel 1.150 mm z-travel 870 mm Kdedsz St Syopfx Ag Asu Feed ( x / y / z) 0 - 10.000 mm/min NC rotary table 1.100 x 1.000 mm table load capacity 1.500 kg T-slots (number x width x distance) 8 x 18 H12, 1 x 18 H7 x 1 mm spindle tunring speed 12.000 U/min drive capacity - main spindle 100/40% ED 20/24 kW torque 191 Nm tool taper HSK-A63 number of tool places 46 Pos. max. tool diameter 80/130 mm max. tool length 300 mm max. tool weight 8 kg Max. magazine capacity 200 kg Condition: used Technical features & accessories: - MTA TAEEVO015 cooling unit - Belt filter - Chip conveyor Accessories, tools, and clamping devices shown are included in the scope of delivery only if explicitly stated in the additional information. Subject to modifications, errors in technical data and specifications, and prior sale!

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1989, Universal CNC Milling Machine MAHO MH 600 E2 Travel X: 600 mm Travel Y: 400 mm Travel Z: 450 mm Numerical Command CNC PHILIPS 432 Cone SA40 Spindle speed: from 20 to 4000 RPM Kdjdpfx Ajz Nx Hqeg Aju Table size: 900 x 480 mm TravelSpindle sleeve travel: 80 mm Year of construction: 1989 1 lubricant tank Voltage: 380 V Width: 2500 mm Depth: 2400 mm Total height: 2000 mm Weight: approx 3,5 T

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 1986, functionality: fully functional, Machine Name - Benelli 1000 Tonne press Machine Model - Automatic transfer press PMT/3d/1000/5/1000P Y.O.M 1986 (Retro-fitted 2015 by Helm) Description - 1000 ton SPM up to 26 Number of operational positions: 5 Press bed 5000mm x 2000mm Main carriage 5100mm x 1400mm second carriage Lateral opening between columns: 2500 mm Ksdjz Nhx Ajpfx Ag Asdu Voltage power supply: 415V; 50 Hz Shut height range 730mm- 1070 Light guards Schlechier decolier : Coils up to 10ton and 1.2m wide, ID 500mm OD 1500mm Can be seen underpower from site.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2014, Control Heidenhain x-travel 1.000 mm y-travel 1.100 mm z-travel 1.040 mm tool taper HSK 63 number of tool places 338 Pos. Condition: Used Technical features & accessories: - TM218 tool changer - KNOLL FKA/750 cooling unit - KNOLL KF220 belt filter - KNOLL 850K-1 chip conveyor Accessories, tools, and workholding devices shown are included in the scope of delivery only if specified in the additional information. Kdsdpfsz Hz N Ijx Ag Aeu Subject to change and errors in technical data and specifications; subject to prior sale.