Used Cronosstech Shsb 4R 20-460 for sale (31,000)

Condition: excellent (used), mileage: 28,919 km, power: 338 kW (459.55 HP), first registration: 11/2015, fuel type: diesel, axle configuration: 10x4, wheelbase: 5,100 mm, fuel: diesel, fuel tank capacity: 500 l, brakes: engine braking, color: red, driver cabin: sleeper cab, gearing type: automatic, emission class: euro6, Year of construction: 2015, operating hours: 1,219 h, Equipment: ABS, air conditioning, central locking, crane, cruise control, electric window regulation, fog lights, navigation system, parking heater, power mirror, soot filter, spoiler, = Additional Options and Equipment = - Aluminium fuel tank - Brake booster - Roof spoiler - High beam - Low noise - Speed limiter - Air suspension - Air horn - Particulate filter - Radio/cassette player - Reversing camera - Sleeper cab - Side skirts - Sun visor - Stability control - Auxiliary heater - Toolbox - Xenon lighting - PTO (power take-off) Laedpouu Dhljfx Acfjf - Central lubrication = Additional Information = General Information Cab: FM Transmission Gearbox: I-SHIFT, automatic Axle Configuration Front axle 1: steered Front axle 2: steered Rear axle 1: twin tires Rear axle 2: twin tires Rear axle 3: steered Functionality Mast: telescopic Mast length: 42 m Lifting capacity: 70,000 kg Crane: ERKIN WORLD POWER ER 2070 4.1 CRANE, year of manufacture 2015, mounted behind the cab Body brand: ERKIN WORLD POWER ER 2070 T-4.1 CRANE CE marking: yes Condition Technical condition: very good Visual condition: very good Financial Information Price: Upon request

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2025, roller diameter: 180 mm, - Capacity 2070 x 8 mm (minimum diameter 900 mm) 2070 x 6 mm (minimum diameter 270 mm) Pre-bending capacity 2070 x 6 (minimum diameter 900 mm) Pre-bending capacity 2070 x 4 (minimum diameter 270 mm) - 4 rollers - Hydraulic - Hardened rollers - Diameter of upper roller 180 mm - Diameter of lower roller 180 mm - Diameter of side rollers 150 mm - Digital display for the movement of the left roller - Digital display for the movement of the middle lower roller - Digital display for the movement of the right roller - Upper roller is hydraulically foldable Laedpfsvn Eqrox Acfjf - Steel construction ST-52 - Hydraulic drop end for easy roller positioning - Hydraulic up and down Removal system with middle and side rollers - Hydraulic balancer system - Overload protection - Documentation - 400V

Condition: ready for operation (used), functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2017, machine/vehicle number: 25498, roller (bottom) diameter: 320 mm, roller (top) diameter: 320 mm, side roll diameter: 260 mm, working width: 2,070 mm, sheet thickness (max.): 25 mm, TECHNICAL DETAILS Sheet width: 2,070 mm Sheet thickness: 25 mm Bending capacity: 18 mm Top roller diameter: 320 mm Side roller diameter: 260 mm Lower roller diameter: 320 mm MACHINE DETAILS Lajdpsygw Ikjfx Acfsf Total power supply: 26 kW Dimensions & Weight Space requirement: approx. 4,700 x 2,000 x 2,200 mm Machine weight: approx. 8,100 kg EQUIPMENT Hydraulic lateral roller adjustment Conical bending device 2 driven rollers Hardened rollers Hydraulic drop-end bearing Mobile control panel Foot switch Safety device CE marking

Year of construction: 2021, condition: new, - 4 rollers - Capacity 1570 x 9 - Hardened rollers - Diameter above roller 200 mm - Diameter below roller 200 mm - Diameter of side roller 180 mm - Hydraulic system - Digital display for movement of the left roller - Digital display for movement of the middle lower roller - Digital display for movement of the right roller - Can be folded hydraulically above the roller - Steel construction ST-52 Lajdpogg N R Hofx Acfef - Hydraulic drop-end for easy roller positioning - Hydraulic up-and-down movement system with middle and side rollers - Hydraulic crowning system - Overload protection - Documentation - 400V

Condition: good (used), Indramat RAC 3.1-150-460-A0I-Z1-220 Spindle Drive Controller For sale is an Indramat / Bosch Rexroth RAC3.1-150-460-A0I-Z1-220 AC Main Spindle Drive Controller – used, but in good, working condition. Technical details: Supply voltage: 3 × AC 380–460 V Control voltage: AC 230 V Weight: approx. 49 kg Lasdpoxl A Ncefx Acfsf Continuous current: approx. 92 A Max. output power: approx. 55 kW Ambient temperature: +5°C to +45°C (operation), −30°C to +85°C (storage) Max. operating altitude: up to 1000 m above sea level. NN Protection class: IP10, humidity class "F" according to DIN 40040 Integrated cooling via fan Integrated emergency stop system Condition: Used (see pictures). Note: For detailed technical specifications and processing instructions, we strongly recommend consulting the original data sheets or contacting the manufacturer directly. Financing through our bank is also possible. komplett-konzept.leasingo.de You can find more items – new and used – in our shop! International shipping costs upon request!

Year of construction: 1999, condition: used, 1 used main spindle drive INDRAMAT RAC 3.5-150-460-L00-W1-220 Siegfried Volz Werkzeugmaschinen Rueschebrinkstr. 151-153 D - 44143 Dortmund - Wambel Lasdpfxodd Imdo Acfef

Condition: new, Bernardo Universal Lathe Solid 460 x 2000 Pro Vario Technical Specifications Centre distance: 2000 mm Centre height: 230 mm Swing over bed: 460 mm Swing over gap: 690 mm Swing over cross slide: 274 mm Bed width: 300 mm Spindle bore: 80 mm Spindle mount: DIN 55029, D1-8 Speed range: 25 – 250 / 250 – 1700 rpm Longitudinal feed range (42): 0.055 – 3.065 mm/rev Cross feed range (42): 0.025 – 1.386 mm/rev Metric threads (41): 0.1 – 14 mm Inch threads (60): 2 – 112 TPI Quill diameter: 60 mm Quill stroke: 130 mm Quill taper: MT 4 Motor power: 5.5 kW (7.5 HP) Machine dimensions (W x D x H): 3250 x 1080 x 1370 mm Weight approx.: 2030 kg Features • Modern main spindle bearing with precision angular contact ball bearings • Standard with Delta frequency inverter for high torque at low speeds and nearly constant speed under load • Infinitely variable speed control, set speed displayed on digital readout • Hardened and ground gears and shafts, including in feed gearbox • Standard with rapid traverse longitudinally and in cross for reduced non-productive times • Central, user-friendly feed and thread selection with leadscrew and feed rod • Oversized, hardened, and precision-ground gears Ljdexl Tcmopfx Acfeaf • Simple, smooth, and precise speed and feed adjustment • One-piece cast machine bed, extremely torsion-resistant and low-vibration, ensuring essential prerequisites for precision turning Scope of Delivery • 3-axis digital readout ES-12 V with LCD display • 3-jaw chuck PS3-250 mm / D8 • Fixed steady rest – max. passage diameter 150 mm • Travelling steady rest – max. passage diameter 110 mm • Initial fill with Shell Tellus 46 • Face plate 450 mm • Quick-change tool post with 4 holders • Safety device for quick-change tool post • Foot pedal with CE-compliant brake function • Coolant system • Frequency inverter • Overload clutch • Rapid traverse longitudinal and cross • Change gears • Reducing sleeve • 2 centres • Thread dial indicator • LED machine lamp • Chip guard at the rear • Operating tools

Condition: new, Bernardo Universal Lathe Solid 460 x 2000 Pro Technical Specifications Distance between centers: 2000 mm Center height: 230 mm Swing over bed: 460 mm Swing over gap: 690 mm Swing over cross slide: 270 mm Bed width: 300 mm Spindle bore: 80 mm Lodpfxoxl Dzae Acfeaf Spindle mount: DIN 55029, D1-8 Spindle speed range (12 steps): 25 – 1700 rpm Longitudinal feed range (42 steps): 0.055 – 3.065 mm/rev Cross feed range (42 steps): 0.025 – 1.386 mm/rev Metric threads (41): 0.1 – 14 mm Inch threads (60): 2 – 112 TPI Tailstock quill diameter: 60 mm Tailstock quill travel: 130 mm Tailstock taper: MT 4 Motor power: 5.5 kW (7.5 HP) Machine dimensions (W x D x H): 3250 x 1080 x 1600 mm Weight approx.: 1995 kg Features • Modern main spindle bearing assembly with precision angular contact ball bearings • Hardened and ground gears and shafts, including feed gearbox • Central, ergonomic control for feeds and threads via lead and feed shaft • Large, hardened, and precision-ground gears • Simple, smooth and precise speed and feed adjustment • Rapid traverse (longitudinal and cross) as standard for reduced non-productive time • Machine bed cast in one piece, extremely torsion-resistant and low-vibration for high precision turning Scope of delivery • 3-axis digital readout ES-12 V with LCD display • 3-jaw chuck PS3-250 mm / D8 • Faceplate 450 mm • Coolant system • Initial fill with Shell Tellus 46 • Fixed steady rest – max. diameter 150 mm • Travelling steady rest – max. diameter 110 mm • Quick-change toolpost with 4 holders • Safety device for quick-change toolpost • Motor with electromagnetic brake according to CE • Foot pedal with brake function according to CE • Slip clutch • Rapid traverse longitudinal and cross • Change gears • 2 centers • Reducing sleeve • Thread-chasing dial • LED machine lamp • Chip guard at rear • Operating tools

Condition: new, Isitan Hydraulic 4-Roll Round Bending Machine 4R HMS 2050x200 2 Speeds Top and bottom rolls driven Hydraulic side roll adjustment 3 Digital displays Hydraulic folding bearing Hardened rolls Tapered bending device Separate control panel Useful length: 2050 mm Top roll diameter: 200 mm Side roll diameter: 180 mm Total motor power: 5.5 KW Working speed: 3 m/min. – 6 m/min. Weight: 3750 kg Dimensions (mm): 3850 x 1350 x 1290 (L x W x H) Bending performance data 10 mm at the smallest inner diameter of 1000 mm (5 x top roll) 8 mm at the smallest inner diameter of 300 mm (1.5 x top roll) Edge bending performance data 8 mm at the smallest inner diameter of 1000 mm (5 x top roll) 6 mm at the smallest inner diameter of 300 mm (1.5 x top roll) All bending capacities are calculated based on a yield strength of 250 N/mm2 Laedpfx Acoh Ar Dujfef Material (ST 37 - ST 42 structural steel)

Condition: new, Ostas 4-roll plate bending machine 4R OHS 3070 x 320 Hydraulic side roll adjustment 3 digital displays Hydraulic drop-end bearing Hardened rolls Conical bending device Separate control panel Roll length: 3070 mm Top roll diameter: 320 mm Side roll diameter: 240 mm Total motor power: 20 kW Lajdpfx Aoxrdxfscfjf Weight: 13,050 kg Dimensions (mm): 5900 x 1850 x 2050 (L x W x H) Bending Performance Data 16 mm at minimum inside diameter (5 x top roll) 12 mm at minimum inside diameter (1.5 x top roll) Pre-bending Performance Data 12 mm at minimum inside diameter (5 x top roll) 10 mm at minimum inside diameter (1.5 x top roll) All bending capacities are calculated based on a yield strength of 250 N/mm2 Material (ST 37 – ST 42 structural steel) The pictures shown are for reference only.

Condition: new, Ostas 4-roll round bending machine 4R OHS 2070 x 220 Hydraulic side roller infeed Hydraulic folding bearing Hardened rolls Conical bending device Separate control panel Roller length : 2000 mm Top roller diameter : 220 mm Side roller diameter : 180 mm Total motor power : 4+3 KW Weight : 4900 kg Dimensions (mm) : 4050 x 1550 x 1470 (L x W x H) Performance data bending: Laedpfxstvn D Te Acfef 11 mm with smallest inner diameter (5 x top roll) 9 mm with smallest inner diameter (1.5 x top roller) Bending performance data: 9 mm with smallest inside diameter ( 5 x top roller ) 7 mm for the smallest inside diameter (1.5 x top roller) All bending capacities are calculated on the basis of 250 N/mm2 yield strength Material ( ST 37 - ST 42 structural steel ) Special accessories installed: Infinitely variable rolling speed: NC control:

Condition: new, sheet width 1570 mm plate thickness 10 mm pre-bending 8 total power requirement 7 kW weight of the machine ca. 4,5 t Lsdpfx Aovkixxscfeaf dimensions of the machine ca. 3,5 x 1,5 x 1,55 m

Condition: new, sheet thickness: 70bending length: 2100upper roll diameter: 540 Technical specifications: - Hardened and polished rolls - Complete body made of ST-52 Steel - Machine have 4 rolls and designed for symmetrical working principle - Hydraulic powered cover for easy material extracting - Digital readout for side rolls (2 digital readout) - Side rolls are free for rotation and upwards downwards movements are hydraulic powered - Top and bottom rolls are driven by hydraulic and gearbox. Bottom roll’s vertical movements are hydraulic powered - Separate control panel form machine - Conic bending device - In accordance for CE norms Options: - variable speed of rotation EURO 6.940,-- - metarial feeding table EURO 5.100,-- - oil coiler STD. - center support EURO 19.500,-- - side supports EURO 10.400,-- - Automatic material extractor - PLC control - CNC control - Automatic material loading system Lajdpfx Aed Ab N Socfef - Changeable top roll - Adjustable bottom roll support system (for customer’s special requests) We have many references!

Condition: new, sheet thickness: 45bending length: 2100upper roll diameter: 430 Technical specifications: - Hardened and polished rolls - Complete body made of ST-52 Steel - Machine have 4 rolls and designed for symmetrical working principle - Hydraulic powered cover for easy material extracting - Digital readout for side rolls (2 digital readout) - Side rolls are free for rotation and upwards downwards movements are hydraulic powered - Top and bottom rolls are driven by hydraulic and gearbox. Bottom roll’s vertical movements are hydraulic powered - Separate control panel form machine - Conic bending device - In accordance for CE norms Options: - variable speed of rotation EURO 5.858,-- - metarial feeding table EURO 3.506,-- - oil coiler   STD. - center support EURO 13.600,-- - side supports EURO 9.600,-- - Automatic material extractor - PLC control - CNC control - Automatic material loading system - Changeable top roll - Adjustable bottom roll support system (for customer’s special requests) We have many references! Lajdpjd Ab Rnjfx Acfsf

Condition: new, sheet thickness: 40bending length: 3100upper roll diameter: 460 Technical specifications: - Hardened and polished rolls - Complete body made of ST-52 Steel - Machine have 4 rolls and designed for symmetrical working principle - Hydraulic powered cover for easy material extracting - Digital readout for side rolls (2 digital readout) - Side rolls are free for rotation and upwards downwards movements are hydraulic powered - Top and bottom rolls are driven by hydraulic and gearbox. Bottom roll’s vertical movements are hydraulic powered - Separate control panel form machine - Conic bending device - In accordance for CE norms Options: - variable speed of rotation EURO 5.858,-- - metarial feeding table EURO 5.100,-- - oil coiler STD - center support EURO 18.750,-- - side supports EURO 15.000,-- - Automatic material extractor Laoded Ab Rfopfx Acfsf - PLC control - CNC control - Automatic material loading system - Changeable top roll - Adjustable bottom roll support system (for customer’s special requests) We have many references!

Condition: new, sheet thickness: 35bending length: 3100upper roll diameter: 460 Technical specifications: - Hardened and polished rolls - Complete body made of ST-52 Steel - Machine have 4 rolls and designed for symmetrical working principle - Hydraulic powered cover for easy material extracting Lodpfx Aed Ab Rgscfsaf - Digital readout for side rolls (2 digital readout) - Side rolls are free for rotation and upwards downwards movements are hydraulic powered - Top and bottom rolls are driven by hydraulic and gearbox. Bottom roll’s vertical movements are hydraulic powered - Separate control panel form machine - Conic bending device - In accordance for CE norms Options: - variable speed of rotation EURO 5.325,-- - metarial feeding table EURO 3.896,-- - oil coiler STD. - center support EURO 12.058,-- - side supports EURO 11.258,-- - Automatic material extractor - PLC control - CNC control - Automatic material loading system - Changeable top roll - Adjustable bottom roll support system (for customer’s special requests) We have many references!

Condition: new, sheet thickness: 8bending length: 2100upper roll diameter: 190 Technical specifications: - Hardened and polished rolls - Complete body made of ST-52 Steel - Machine have 4 rolls and designed for symmetrical working principle - Hydraulic powered cover for easy material extracting - Digital readout for side rolls (2 digital readout) - Side rolls are free for rotation and upwards downwards movements are hydraulic powered - Top and bottom rolls are driven by hydraulic and gearbox. Bottom roll’s vertical movements are hydraulic powered - Separate control panel form machine Laedjd Ab Sijpfx Acfef - Conic bending device - In accordance for CE norms Options: - variable speed of rotation EURO 4.681,-- - metarial feeding table EURO 3.400,-- - oil coiler EURO 1.040,-- - center support EURO 8.250,-- - side supports EURO 4.600,-- - Automatic material extractor - PLC control - CNC control - Automatic material loading system - Changeable top roll - Adjustable bottom roll support system (for customer’s special requests) We have many references!

Condition: new, sheet thickness: 20bending length: 3100upper roll diameter: 360 Technical specifications: - Hardened and polished rolls - Complete body made of ST-52 Steel - Machine have 4 rolls and designed for symmetrical working principle - Hydraulic powered cover for easy material extracting - Digital readout for side rolls (2 digital readout) - Side rolls are free for rotation and upwards downwards movements are hydraulic powered - Top and bottom rolls are driven by hydraulic and gearbox. Bottom roll’s vertical movements are hydraulic powered - Separate control panel form machine - Conic bending device - In accordance for CE norms Options: - variable speed of rotation EURO 4.681,-- - metarial feeding table EURO 3.400,-- - oil coiler EURO 1.040,-- - center support EURO 13.600,-- - side supports EURO 9.400,-- - Automatic material extractor - PLC control - CNC control - Automatic material loading system - Changeable top roll Lsdped Ab Rvofx Acfeaf - Adjustable bottom roll support system (for customer’s special requests) We have many references!

Condition: new, sheet thickness: 20bending length: 2600upper roll diameter: 330 Technical specifications: - Hardened and polished rolls - Complete body made of ST-52 Steel - Machine have 4 rolls and designed for symmetrical working principle - Hydraulic powered cover for easy material extracting - Digital readout for side rolls (2 digital readout) - Side rolls are free for rotation and upwards downwards movements are hydraulic powered - Top and bottom rolls are driven by hydraulic and gearbox. Bottom roll’s vertical movements are hydraulic powered - Separate control panel form machine - Conic bending device - In accordance for CE norms Options: - variable speed of rotation EURO 4.681,-- Laodpfxsd Ab R As Acfef - metarial feeding table EURO 3.400,-- - oil coiler EURO 1.040,-- - center support EURO 13.600,-- - side supports EURO 9.200,-- - Automatic material extractor - PLC control - CNC control - Automatic material loading system - Changeable top roll - Adjustable bottom roll support system (for customer’s special requests) We have many references!

Condition: new, sheet length: 2100upper roll diameter: 140sheet thickness: 4Bottom Roll Diameter: 140length: 4000heigth: 1040width: 1140weight approx.: 2240 Technical specifications: - Hardened and polished rolls - Complete body made of ST-52 Steel - Machine have 4 rolls and designed for symmetrical working principle - Hydraulic powered cover for easy material extracting - Digital readout for side rolls (2 digital readout) - Side rolls are free for rotation and upwards downwards movements are hydraulic powered - Top and bottom rolls are driven by hydraulic and gearbox. Bottom roll’s vertical movements are hydraulic powered - Separate control panel form machine - Conic bending device - In accordance for CE norms Options: Central Support:  – ¤5,479 Side Supports:  – ¤3,055 CNC: – ¤7,670 Material Feeding Table:  – ¤2,258 Variable Speed of Rotation:  – ¤3,109 Laodpowhtdfefx Acfsf Automatic material extractor PLC control CNC control Automatic material loading system Changeable top roll Adjustable bottom roll support system (customizable upon request) We have many references!

Condition: new, sheet thickness: 60bending length: 2100upper roll diameter: 510 Technical specifications: - Hardened and polished rolls - Complete body made of ST-52 Steel - Machine have 4 rolls and designed for symmetrical working principle - Hydraulic powered cover for easy material extracting - Digital readout for side rolls (2 digital readout) - Side rolls are free for rotation and upwards downwards movements are hydraulic powered - Top and bottom rolls are driven by hydraulic and gearbox. Bottom roll’s vertical movements are hydraulic powered - Separate control panel form machine - Conic bending device - In accordance for CE norms Laedpfjd Ab Rbsx Acfsf Options: - variable speed of rotation EURO 5.858,-- - metarial feeding table EURO 5.100,-- - oil coiler STD. - center support EURO 18.750,-- - side supports EURO 10.400,-- - Automatic material extractor - PLC control - CNC control - Automatic material loading system - Changeable top roll - Adjustable bottom roll support system (for customer’s special requests) We have many references!

Condition: new, sheet thickness: 25bending length: 4100upper roll diameter: 460 Technical specifications: - Hardened and polished rolls - Complete body made of ST-52 Steel - Machine have 4 rolls and designed for symmetrical working principle - Hydraulic powered cover for easy material extracting - Digital readout for side rolls (2 digital readout) - Side rolls are free for rotation and upwards downwards movements are hydraulic powered - Top and bottom rolls are driven by hydraulic and gearbox. Bottom roll’s vertical movements are hydraulic powered - Separate control panel form machine - Conic bending device - In accordance for CE norms Options: - variable speed of rotation EURO 5.858,-- - metarial feeding table EURO 5.100,-- - oil coiler STD. - center support EURO 18.750,-- - side supports EURO 15.400,-- - Automatic material extractor Lodpfx Aod Ab Rdjcfjaf - PLC control - CNC control - Automatic material loading system - Changeable top roll - Adjustable bottom roll support system (for customer’s special requests) We have many references!

Condition: new, sheet thickness: 25bending length: 2100upper roll diameter: 330 Technical specifications: - Hardened and polished rolls - Complete body made of ST-52 Steel - Machine have 4 rolls and designed for symmetrical working principle - Hydraulic powered cover for easy material extracting - Digital readout for side rolls (2 digital readout) - Side rolls are free for rotation and upwards downwards movements are hydraulic powered - Top and bottom rolls are driven by hydraulic and gearbox. Bottom roll’s vertical movements are hydraulic powered - Separate control panel form machine - Conic bending device - In accordance for CE norms Options: - variable speed of rotation EURO 4.681,-- - metarial feeding table EURO 3.400,-- - oil coiler EURO 1.040,-- - center support EURO 13.600,-- - side supports EURO 8.400,-- - Automatic material extractor - PLC control - CNC control - Automatic material loading system - Changeable top roll Ljdpfx Ajd Ab R Djcfjaf - Adjustable bottom roll support system (for customer’s special requests) We have many references!

Condition: new, sheet thickness: 20bending length: 2100upper roll diameter: 300 Technical specifications: - Hardened and polished rolls - Complete body made of ST-52 Steel - Machine have 4 rolls and designed for symmetrical working principle - Hydraulic powered cover for easy material extracting - Digital readout for side rolls (2 digital readout) - Side rolls are free for rotation and upwards downwards movements are hydraulic powered - Top and bottom rolls are driven by hydraulic and gearbox. Bottom roll’s vertical movements are hydraulic powered - Separate control panel form machine - Conic bending device - In accordance for CE norms Options: - variable speed of rotation  - metarial feeding table  - oil coiler  - center support  - side supports  - Automatic material extractor - PLC control - CNC control - Automatic material loading system - Changeable top roll Laedpfed Ab R Nox Acfef - Adjustable bottom roll support system (for customer’s special requests) We have many references!

Condition: new, sheet thickness: 13bending length: 2100upper roll diameter: 230 Technical specifications: - Hardened and polished rolls - Complete body made of ST-52 Steel - Machine have 4 rolls and designed for symmetrical working principle - Hydraulic powered cover for easy material extracting - Digital readout for side rolls (2 digital readout) - Side rolls are free for rotation and upwards downwards movements are hydraulic powered - Top and bottom rolls are driven by hydraulic and gearbox. Bottom roll’s vertical movements are hydraulic powered Lasded Ab Scspfx Acfof - Separate control panel form machine - Conic bending device - In accordance for CE norms Options: - variable speed of rotation EURO 4.681,-- - metarial feeding table EURO 3.400,-- - oil coiler EURO 1.040,-- - center support EURO 8.250,-- - side supports EURO 5.560,-- - Automatic material extractor - PLC control - CNC control - Automatic material loading system - Changeable top roll - Adjustable bottom roll support system (for customer’s special requests) We have many references!