Used Pfeifer Technology Co2 Fiber Laser Marking Machine for sale (87,547)

Year of construction: 1998, condition: ready for operation (used), Travel X/Y/Z: 2520mm/1550mm/300mm, max. sheet dimensions X/Y: 5040mm/1550mm, max. material thickness mild steel/stainless steel/aluminum: 12mm/6mm/3mm, max. workpiece weight: 330kg, positioning speed: 80m/min/80m/min/60mm/min, positioning accuracy: +/-0.01mm. Machine dimensions X/Y/Z: approx. 5650mm/3650mm/2100mm, weight: approx. 6600kg, operating hours: 29499h. Including Fanuc Laser-Model C1500. Documentation available. On-site inspection is possible. Bdodpfx Asv Ip R Ajphjf

Condition: ready for operation (used), functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2019, operating hours: 13,265 h, sheet thickness steel (max.): 20 mm, sheet thickness stainless steel (max.): 15 mm, sheet thickness aluminum (max.): 15 mm, sheet thickness brass (max.): 6 mm, sheet thickness copper (max.): 6 mm, travel distance X-axis: 4,000 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 2,000 mm, TECHNICAL DETAILS X-axis: 4,000 mm Y-axis: 2,000 mm Maximum Speed: 140 m/min Control: SINUMERIK 840D SL Laser Excitation: Diode Module Chiller Unit: Air/Water LASER DATA - TRUDISK 3001 Laser Power: 3,000 W Sheet Thickness, Mild Steel: 20 mm Sheet Thickness, Stainless Steel: 15 mm Sheet Thickness, Aluminum: 15 mm Bdedpfoxl T Rwsx Aphjf Sheet Thickness, Copper: 6 mm Sheet Thickness, Brass: 6 mm MACHINE DETAILS Length: 11,150 mm Width: 6,650 mm Height: 2,200 mm Base Machine Weight: 12,000 kg Laser Beam On Time: 13,265 h (03.02.2023) Laser On Time: 3,172 h (03.02.2023) EQUIPMENT - Semi-automatic pallet changer - Laser beam guidance via fiber optic cable - Linear motor technology - Integrated control cabinets - Slag boxes - Laser diode positioning - TruDisk driven by machine - PierceLine - FocusLine - NitroLine - Transport and positioning device - Automatic nozzle cleaning - Universal laser cutting head - Protective window monitoring - ControlLine - Lens protective glass - Internet teleservice - Programmable gas pressure - FastLine - Multi-sheet processing - Condition monitor - Micro-welding - Central Link - CE certifications - Compact dust collector - Extraction unit - Automatic pallet changer (with light barriers)

Year of construction: 2012, operating hours: 14,534 h, condition: ready for operation (used), General Data Machine weight 13000 kg Control Unit Brand BYSTRONIC Model ByVision Cutting Main Drive Laser power 3000 W Table Table load 750 kg This Bystronic Bysprint Fiber 3015 3kW was manufactured in 2012. It features a max laser power of 3,000 W and handles sheet sizes up to 3000 × 1500 mm. It supports a max cutting thickness of 20 mm for steel and 12 mm for stainless steel and aluminium. If you are looking to get high-quality cutting capabilities, consider the Bystronic Bysprint Fiber 3015 3kW machine we have for sale. Contact us for more information about this machine. Bodpfx Apex D R Ttshjdf Application Types Cutting

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2025, 2D/3D laser engravers skyLaser Mark – the 2D (optional 3D) fiber laser engraving/marking laser is the complete solution for your complex laser engraving applications. Bdsdps Sd Ubefx Aphjf

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2015, - USED - FIBER LASER CUTTING MACHINE WITH PALLET CHANGER and LOADING/UNLOADING SYSTEM X-AXIS TRAVEL: 4000 mm Y-AXIS TRAVEL: 2000 mm Bjdexqtx Sspfx Aphedf Z-AXIS TRAVEL: 115 mm RAPID FEEDS X-Y-Z: 245 m/min WORKING AREA: 4000 x 2000 mm ADMITTED LOAD ON TABLE: 1250 Kg SOURCE: TRUDISK 5001 ; 5000 W WEIGHT: 15000 Kg OVERALL DIMENSIONS: 10900 x 5700 x 2400 mm NOTE: LIFT MASTER COMPACT LOADING/UNLOADING SYSTEM

Condition: excellent (used), functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2018, Max. sheet size: 3000 x 1500 mm Fiber laser 3 kW Max. material thickness: Carbon steel: 20 mm, Stainless steel: 12 mm, Aluminum: 12 mm, Copper: 6 mm Accuracy: Repeatability ±0.05 mm Sheet change time: 27 sec. Bodpjyr N Uajfx Aphodf Cutting hours: 15400 h Length: 10495 mm Width: 6903 mm Height: 2880 mm Weight: 13000 kg

Year of construction: 2012, condition: ready for operation (used), This Bystronic Bysprint Pro 3015 was manufactured in 2012. It features a BYSTRONIC ByLaser 4400 CO2 laser and is equipped with BYSTRONIC ByVision CNC control and a BYSTRONIC Byloader 3015 sheet loader. If you are looking to get high quality cutting capabilities consider the Bystronic Bysprint Pro 3015 machine we have for sale. Contact us for more information. Application Types Cutting Bdjdpfx Apjx Rpd Hshof

Condition: excellent (used), functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2022, operating hours: 11,500 h, machine/vehicle number: 3098, laser hours: 6,900 h, laser power: 10,000 W, sheet thickness (max.): 30 mm, sheet thickness steel (max.): 30 mm, power: 10 kW (13.60 HP), year of last overhaul: 2024, working range: 4,020 mm, Equipment: cooling unit, documentation/manual, safety light barrier, MSF Pro 4001.20LB MicroStep CNC cutting system from the MSF Pro series with the following features: • 2D laser cutting head with an IPG YLS 10000 U fiber laser source • Fully automatic shuttle table • Fully automatic HSK 63 drilling spindle • Powerful Donaldson DFPRO 6 filter system with 7.5 kW Technical specifications: Machine designation: MSF Pro 4001.20LB Working area: approx. 4,000 x 2,000 mm Guides: high-precision linear guides Drives: maintenance-free Panasonic AC servo motors Transverse speed: up to 100,000 mm/min Measuring system: IRC 2500 (incremental encoder) Z-axis positioning speed: 18 m/min Z-axis travel range: 150 mm Bdodpevw Tdlsfx Aphjf Acceleration Z-axis: 0.75 G Positioning accuracy (Pa*): 0.07 mm according to VDI/DGQ 3441 Repeatability (Ps*): 0.03 mm according to VDI/DGQ 3441 Ambient temperature: +10 °C to +35 °C Relative humidity: 0 to 90% EX-TRABEAM® Pro laser cutting head Cleaning and calibration station (LU3K) Automatic nozzle changer (8 nozzles) Fully automatic drilling spindle Technical specifications: Drilling from/to: Ø 4 mm - Ø 30 mm Threading from/to: M5 - M20 Max. material thickness: up to 25 mm* Power: 21 kW Revolutions: up to 10,000 rpm Tool cooling: internal cooling Tool change: automatic Automatic drilling tool measurement Pneumatic hold-down device Brush For removing drilling chips Donaldson® DFPRO 6 Cyclopeel filter system Fan power: 7.5 kW Flow rate: 4,500 m³/h Asper Nesting® | Automatic nesting software With witt Gas Mixer Machine has always been operated under a maintenance and support contract

Condition: excellent (used), functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2022, operating hours: 11,500 h, machine/vehicle number: 3098, laser power: 10,000 W, sheet thickness (max.): 30 mm, sheet thickness steel (max.): 30 mm, working width: 2,000 mm, travel distance X-axis: 4,020 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 150 mm, Machine was overhauled in 2024. TECHNICAL DETAILS Working area: 4,020 mm Processing area: approx. 4,000 x 2,000 mm Maximum sheet thickness: 30 mm Maximum steel thickness: 30 mm Laser cutting head: EX-TRABEAM® Pro Laser source: IPG YLS 10000 U fiber laser source Laser power: 10,000 W Power: 10 kW (13.60 hp) Traverse speed: up to 100,000 mm/min Z-axis positioning speed: 18 m/min Z-axis travel: 150 mm Z-axis acceleration: 0.75 G Bjdpfx Apowyaxmjhsdf Drilling Drilling range: Ø4 mm – Ø30 mm Holder: HSK-63 Thread cutting range: M5 – M20 Max. material thickness: up to 25 mm Power: 21 kW Revolutions: up to 10,000 rpm Tool cooling: internal cooling Tool change: automatic Drilling tool measurement: automatic MACHINE DETAILS Ambient temperature: +10 °C to +35 °C Relative humidity: 0 to 90% Filter system: Donaldson DFPRO 6 Cyclopeel Fan capacity: 7.5 kW Volume flow: 4,500 m³/h Mechanics and Control Drives: maintenance-free Panasonic AC servo motors Measuring system: IRC 2500 (incremental encoder) Hold-down device: pneumatic Chip brush: available Laser hours: 6,900 h EQUIPMENT Documentation/manual Cooling unit Safety light barrier Fully automatic shuttle table Fully automatic HSK 63 drilling spindle Cleaning and calibration station LU3K Automatic nozzle changer with 8 nozzles Donaldson® filter unit DFPRO 6 Cyclopeel Asper Nesting® automatic nesting software Witt gas mixer Maintenance and support contract

Year of construction: 2015, condition: ready for operation (used), - USED - FIBER LASER CUTTING MACHINE WITH PALLET CHANGER X-AXIS TRAVEL: 3048 mm Y-AXIS TRAVEL: 1524 mm Bodexcqrgjpfx Aphjdf Z-AXIS TRAVEL: 70 mm MAX ADMITTED LOAD: 750 Kg/m WORKING AREA: 3000 x 1500 mm SOURCE: IPG Fiber 4000 ; 4000 W CONTROL UNIT: ByVISION WEIGHT: 13000 Kg

Year of construction: 2012, condition: ready for operation (used), - USED - FIBER LASER CUTTING MACHINE WITH PALLET CHANGER X-AXIS TRAVEL: 4064 mm Y-AXIS TRAVEL: 2032 mm Z-AXIS TRAVEL: 70 mm WORKING AREA: 4000 x 2000 mm ADMITTED LOAD ON TABLE: 1270 Kg SOURCE: FIBER 4000 ; 4000 W CONTROL UNIT: ByVISION WEIGHT: 15000 Kg OVERALL DIMENSIONS: 12900 x 6750 x 2500 mm ACCESSORIES: FUME EXHAUSTER NOTE: AUTOMATIC NOZZLE CHANGE Bjdpfx Asvghbqsphedf

Year of construction: 2018, condition: ready for operation (used), - USED - FIBER LASER CUTTING MACHINE WITH PALLET CHANGER X-AXIS TRAVEL: 3048 mm Y-AXIS TRAVEL: 1524 mm Z-AXIS TRAVEL: 150 mm RAPID FEEDS X-Y-Z: 100 - 100 m/min WORKING AREA: 3000 x 1500 x 150 mm SOURCE: IPG Fiber 4000 ; 4000 W CONTROL UNIT: PRIMACH 30L WEIGHT: 10000 Kg OVERALL DIMENSIONS: 10500 x 3400 x 2200 mm Bdsdpfxovghb Do Aphef

Year of construction: 2015, condition: ready for operation (used), - USED - FIBER LASER CUTTING MACHINE WITH PALLET CHANGER X-AXIS TRAVEL: 3048 mm Y-AXIS TRAVEL: 1524 mm Z-AXIS TRAVEL: 70 mm MAX ADMITTED LOAD: 750 Kg/m WORKING AREA: 3000 x 1500 mm SOURCE: IPG YLS-4000 ; 4000 W CONTROL UNIT: ByVISION ACCESSORIES: PORTABLE HANDWHEEL Bsdsvcr Tpopfx Aphjdf NOTE: AUTOMATIC NOZZLE CHANGER

Condition: new, functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2026, control type: CNC control, degree of automation: semi-automatic, controller manufacturer: PFEIFER technology, laser type: fiber laser, laser power: 6,000 W, laser wavelength: 1,064 nm, pipe diameter (max.): 160 mm, pipe length (max.): 7,500 mm, table length: 6,500 mm, type of input current: three-phase, type of cooling: water, compressed air connection: 13 bar, overall weight: 5,500 kg, total length: 14,800 mm, total width: 2,900 mm, total height: 2,525 mm, warranty duration: 24 months, year of last overhaul: 2026, working range: 7,500 mm, Equipment: CE marking, centralized greasing system, cooling unit, documentation/manual, fume extraction, safety light barrier, PFEIFER technology skyTUBE Pro 6500 X3 – Profile and Tube Laser Centre 6500 x 15–160 mm with bevel cutting up to 50° skytube-pro-6500 X3 Profile and Tube Laser | Fiber Laser Metal Cutting for fast material change with up to 6kW — the smart and efficient tube laser processing solution for your production! Designed for round tubes, square tubes, rectangular tubes, open profiles, and special profiles. This laser cutting machine delivers maximum productivity, especially during production changeovers. The task: fiber laser up to 6kW for a wide range of metalworking applications. Unmatched Laser Cutting Performance High axis speeds and accelerations, paired with a stable mechanical structure, provide excellent cutting performance and accuracy. The tube and profile laser processing machine for production — space-saving and simply smart! Innovative solutions 100% made in Saxony! Tubes and profiles from 15 x 15 to 160 x 160 mm 3D cutting with efficient fiber laser technology The semi-automatic 6-fold profile tube loading chain system enables fast job changeovers. With the optional bundle loader, you can work completely independently. Bevel Cutting A function that changes everything. With our machine’s ability to swivel its cutting head up to 50° on an additional fifth axis, we address one of the biggest challenges in modern profile machining. If the laser beam always strikes the tube perpendicular to the surface, the cut edge will be elliptical. Swiveling the tube laser’s cutting head, combined with the feed axis, enables true bevel cutting. With the skyTUBE Laser, you are always on the safe side! The skyTUBE Pro is a class 1 laser system — there is no risk of exposure to laser radiation or reflections during operation. For all our laser systems, safety and compliance with the highest standards and regulations are paramount. Technical Features: · Closed industrial housing, class 1 or optionally class 4 laser · Working area, tube cutting system/clamping system: uniform tubes 15 to 160 mm, rectangular tubes 15 x 15 – 110 mm · Working area on tube X 6500 Y ±100 Z 150 A ±360° U ±50° · Automatic material feeding: up to 6 x 160 mm profiles, 3500–7000 mm lengths · Automatic material unloading system for profile sections, design matched to profile lengths · Z drive system: ball screw axis system with PTI SVZ system · X/Y drive system: linear axis system with PTI AC-SERVO system · Productive cutting speed: up to 50 m/min depending on material and laser combination (1.4G) · Software resolution: up to 2500 DPI · Repeatability: ±0.03 mm Bdodpfx Apsyh A Nyehef · Maximum footprint (W x D x H): 11,600 mm x 2,830 mm x 2,100 mm + unloading system, depending on required profile cut length. With standard version and 4.5 m automatic unloading, the total length is approx. 14,800 mm.

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2025, The use of a variety of fonts, the application of barcodes, serial numbers, logos and images is easily possible. Thanks to the excellent resolution, almost all requirements for marking tasks can be solved. Production of embossing stamps, engravings, inscriptions and complex, fine structures, the software is extremely user-friendly. Even very complex and time-consuming marking tasks can be easily created on the supplied industrial PC. You can do the exact positioning in no time at all, thanks to the optional monitoring camera for process tracking and software-supported workpiece alignment. Since the system has hardly any wearing parts and is almost maintenance-free thanks to the IPG laser technology, it can be used especially for industrial applications and in continuous use. Bdedpfxodgfgcs Aphsf The skylaser marking laser / engraving laser at a glance: Processing area: from 110 x 110 or 120x120 or 300x300 mm (F-Theta lenses dependent / 3D option) Laser source: IPG (Pulsed Fiber Laser, YTTERBIUM PULSED FIBER LASER) SCANLAB galvanometer scanner Nominal laser power: 20W New, optional: software-controlled, variably adjustable working width (X, axis max. 450mm depending on the structure) included in the scope of delivery!

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, functionality: fully functional, working range: 6,500 mm, type of input current: three-phase, total width: 1,629 mm, total height: 2,525 mm, total length: 10,500 mm, table length: 6,500 mm, overall weight: 5,500 kg, power: 15 kW (20.39 HP), laser power: 6,000 W, warranty duration: 24 months, Equipment: cooling unit, safety light barrier, PFEIFER technology skyTUBE Pro 6500 X3 – Profile & Tube Laser Center 6500 x 15 – 160 mm Format skytube-pro-6500×3 Profile and Tube Laser Fiber Laser Metal Cutting – fast material change with up to 6kW, delivering effective performance for your production, is the smart and efficient tube laser processing solution. Capable of laser cutting round tubes, square tubes, rectangular tubes, open profiles, and special profiles, this laser machine ensures maximum productivity during production changeovers. Task: Fiber laser up to 6kW for a wide range of metalworking applications! Unrivaled Laser Cutting Performance High axis speeds and accelerations, combined with a robust mechanical structure, ensure outstanding cutting performance and precision. The tube and profile laser processing machine for production offers a compact footprint – simply smart! Ingenious solutions, 100% made in Saxony! Bodsrh Iw Tepfx Aphedf Tubes and profiles from 15 x 15 to 160 x 160 mm – 3D cutting with efficient fiber laser technology. The semi-automatic 6-position profile-tube loading chain system allows fast job changes. With the optional bundle loader, you work independently. Bevel Cutting A revolutionary feature. With the ability of our machines to swivel their cutting head up to 50° on an additional fifth axis, we provide the solution to one of the biggest challenges in modern profile processing. If the laser beam always strikes the tube at a right angle, you end up with an elliptical cut edge. With the capability to swivel the tube laser cutting head, together with the feed axis, completely angled cuts are now possible. Of course, when working with the skyTUBE Laser, safety comes first! The skyTUBE Pro is a Class 1 laser system. There is no risk of contact with laser emissions or reflections during operation. For all our laser systems, nothing is more important than complete safety and compliance with the highest standards and directives. Technical Specifications: · Closed industrial housing, Class 1 laser (optionally Class 4) · Working area, tube cutting system/chuck: Round tubes 15–160 mm, rectangular tubes 15 x 15 – 110 mm · Working area on the tube: X 6500 mm, Y ±100 mm, Z 150 mm, A ±360°, U ±50° · Automatic material feed: up to 6 x 160 mm profiles, lengths 3500–7000 mm · Automated material unloading system for profile sections, construction adjusted to profile length · Z drive: ball screw axis system / with PTI SVZ system · X/Y drive: linear axis system / with PTI AC-SERVO system · Productive cutting speed: depending on material and laser combination, up to 50 m/min / 1.4G · Software resolution: up to 2500 DPI · Repeatability: ± 0.03 mm · Max. footprint dimensions (LxWxH): 11,600 mm x 2,830 mm x 2,100 mm + unloading system according to profile section length

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2005, engraving field 120 x 120 mm table-size 250 x 250 mm workpiece weight max 50 kg Control Fobagraf machine weight ab. 1000 kg machine frame made of welded steel construction Cross slide, hard stone design, table top with steel stop iron Bodpfeylcqhsx Aphjdf Height-adjustable laser head Quality-switched ND: YAG laser head, lamp-pumped, 100 W Deflection unit mounted on the laser head (with standard lens) Z-axis with gearbox and servo drive Servo axis control with X-, Y-, and Z-axes Water-cooled Control: Fobagraf user software package Operating system: Windows 2000 operating hours: 17.388 h manual included

Year of construction: 2022, condition: used, machine/vehicle number: B2212/041, Wavelengths, scan head aperture, marking head position, IP rating, power and much more can be configured to suit your application needs. Flexibility is built-in. With print speeds up to 2,000 characters/sec. and line speeds up to 900 m/min., these marking lasers address both simple and complex code requirements on a range of substrates including paperboard, glass, painted metals and many plastic materials. This flexibility makes the C-Series lasers well suited for laser marking applications in various industries: for automotive parts, electronic components, plastic parts, cables, and many more. Marking your products on-the-fly or when stationary, with simple date codes or complex graphics, the C.0102 and C.0302 offer cost effective solutions to your part marking challenges. Bdjdpfx Aoym N Ipsphsf

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2024, dimension of workpiece 200 x 200 x 200 mm Bedpfx Apowgn D Dohedf travel -x axis 110 mm travel -y axis 110 mm

Year of construction: 2021, condition: used, machine/vehicle number: 21095009LWD, Wavelengths, scan head aperture, marking head position, IP rating, power and much more can be configured to suit your application needs. Flexibility is built-in. With print speeds up to 2,000 characters/sec. and line speeds up to 900 m/min., these marking lasers address both simple and complex code requirements on a range of substrates including paperboard, glass, painted metals and many plastic materials. This flexibility makes the C-Series lasers well suited for laser marking applications in various industries: for automotive parts, electronic components, plastic parts, cables, and many more. Marking your products on-the-fly or when stationary, with simple date codes or complex graphics, the C.0102 and C.0302 offer cost effective solutions to your part marking challenges. Bdjdpfsw Npv Ejx Aphef

Year of construction: 2022, condition: used, machine/vehicle number: 22220001LWD, Wavelengths, scan head aperture, marking head position, IP rating, power and much more can be configured to suit your application needs. Flexibility is built-in. With print speeds up to 2,000 characters/sec. and line speeds up to 900 m/min., these marking lasers address both simple and complex code requirements on a range of substrates including paperboard, glass, painted metals and many plastic materials. This flexibility makes the C-Series lasers well suited for laser marking applications in various industries: for automotive parts, electronic components, plastic parts, cables, and many more. Marking your products on-the-fly or when stationary, with simple date codes or complex graphics, the C.0102 and C.0302 offer cost effective solutions to your part marking challenges. Bdodpfx Ajw Npywephef

Condition: not inspected (used), A used Videojet Laser marking System - untested but removed from a Pharma production facility and was in operation - includes a Bofa AD Oracle Laser Fume extractor Ready to Ship Worldwide Bsdpfsznt Hwsx Aphedf Export Documentation included

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2025, Technical Specifications: Bdjdpfxszkkc Uj Aphof Laser Power: 2kW Laser Type: Continuous Fiber Laser Laser Source: MAX Adjustable Cleaning Length: 0 – 300 mm Approximate Cleaning Speed: 10 – 60 m2/hour Laser Wavelength: 1070 nm Output Power Stability: ± 2% Laser Cooling System: Included (with antifreeze) Power Supply: 220V 50Hz Machine Power: ≤ 9.5kW Operating Environment Temperature: 10 – 40°C Operating Environment Humidity: < 70% (No condensation) Laser Head Cable Length: 10 m Machine Dimensions (L x W x H): 1,000 x 650 x 950 mm Weight: 230 kg CE Certification: Included

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2025, HW 1.5kW is a high-performance, compact fiber laser welding machine designed for maximum efficiency and precision. Technical Specifications: Laser Source Power: 1.5 kW (MAX Laser Source) Welding Speed: 0 - 120 mm/s Welding Spot Adjustment: 0 – 5 mm (Spiral Wobble function) Wire Feeding: Automatic system included Fiber Cable Length: 15 meters Bedpfx Aozkkayjphsdf Power Supply: 220V / 380V Dimensions: 1,000 x 630 x 910 mm Weight: 230 kg Certification: CE Price is EXW (Stock Europe), Include loaded on truck. Transport, installation, commissioning, training, and yearly service contracts are available upon request for an additional fee. Installation and training is always done by our high qualified Service team in 3 locations in Europe. Netherlands, Germany, Romania.

Condition: new, functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2026, control type: CNC control, degree of automation: automatic, actuation type: electric, laser type: fiber laser, laser hours: 10 h, laser power: 12,000 W, Equipment: CE marking, centralized greasing system, cooling unit, documentation/manual, dust extraction, emergency stop, fume extraction, nozzle changer, safety light barrier, Section Steel Laser Cutting Machine Bevel cutting highly enhances competitiveness Smart cutting head equipped with professional Acu3D rotary axis Achieves multi-directional, multi-angle 3D cutting (Web beveling, R-corner cutting, V bevel, Y bevel) Bdsdpfx Asw I Ilijphjf Versatile cutting Sheet, tube, and section steel cutting in one One-stop processing workflow, seamlessly integrated with TEKLA Easily complete drawing import - nesting & programming - process setup - material alignment - cutting