Used Forte Bandsaw - Horizontal for sale (6,705)

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2007, functionality: fully functional, Technical details grinding length 600 mm grinding width 400 mm Dodpfszrtniex Akhewa workpiece height 375 mm workpiece weight 400 kg table longitudinal travel 650 mm table speeds 2 - 28 m/min table cross travel 400 mm speed 100 - 1000 mm/min grinding wheel size 300 x 50 x 76,2 mm grinding spindle drive 3,7 kW peripheral speed 10 - 32 m/sec total power requirement 11 kW weight of the machine ca. 2,1 t dimensions of the machine ca. 2,95 x 2,65 x 2,47 m Additional information CNC Precision Surface Grinding Machine Table drive: hydraulic Cross-axis drive: electromechanical Electromagnetic plate: 600 x 400 mm with holding force control and automatic magnetic pole reversal for demagnetizing Features: Partially enclosed, open-topped loading compartment with a sliding door Cleaning kit for cleaning the work area with hand-held impulse nozzle Holder for prism arm with single-point diamond, MK 0 Grinding spindle speed control with V-constant controller Universal paper filter unit UPF 100, tank capacity approx. 280 liters Coolant pump: 20 liters/minute at 1.5 bar Machine light Without grinding wheels and flanges.

Condition: used, Infeed mechanization TWIN double-frame sawmill edger Blade diameter: 120 mm Dwjdpfx Akeyxywtehja

Year of construction: 2018, condition: ready for operation (used), Machining processes: drilling, turning, milling, axes: Z3 longitudinal slide tool turret, Z4 longitudinal slide tool turret, X3 cross slide tool turret, X4 cross slide tool turret, C1 workpiece drive, C2 workpiece drive, K5 turret swivel axis, K6 tool drive, K7 turret swivel axis, K8 tool drive, travel X3: 251mm, X4: 251mm, Z3: 662mm, Z4: 662mm, tool turret: 12-station radial, DIN 69880-VDI40, drive: DIN 5480-W20x0.8, tool swing diameter: 580mm, specified dimension at tool area: 320mm, length: 13,000mm, width: 7300mm, height: 4100mm, weight: 22t, operating hours: 14,748h. Equipment: OP012 control panel, Kuka handling robot, chip conveyor, coolant tank, hydraulics, pneumatics, electrical cabinet, parts infeed and outfeed, documentation, installation plan, working area diagram, gearbox plan and transport plan. The following components should be overhauled: machine bed (guideways/ball screws), motor spindles with release units (replace bearings/reseal), cross slides (guideways/ball screws/motor), workpiece spindle (replace bearings/reseal), protective enclosure (interior cladding/working area door/repaint machine), coolant pumps, replacement of electrical cables/lubrication and hydraulic lines, as required. An on-site inspection is possible. Dsdpfx Ajztducskhewa

Condition: excellent (used), max. wheel diameter 50 mm Dwjdpfjztf A Ijx Akhoa gear width 0 - 80 mm max. module 1 min. module 0,1 turning speeds 660 - 5300 U/min min. number of teeth 6 - 200 clamping length max. 80 mm total power requirement 1,2 kW weight of the machine ca. 0,5 t dimensions of the machine ca. 0,8 x 0,8 x 1,4 m Highest precision for gear cutting, specifically for the watchmaking industry, instrument manufacturing, and mechanical engineering. With W 20 loader.

Condition: ready for operation (used), Optimum 275 N Demonstration Machine Model: Opti S 275 N Technical Data: Cutting range 0 degrees, round: Diameter 225 mm Cutting range 0 degrees: 245 x 180 mm / Rectangular Cutting range 45 degrees, round: Diameter 160 mm Dodpfx Asztcydekhswa Cutting range 45 degrees: 160 x 160 mm / Rectangular Cutting range 60 degrees, round: Diameter 100 mm Cutting range 60 degrees: 100 x 100 mm / Rectangular Raising the saw bow: manual Feed: infinitely adjustable

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2010, operating hours: 9,000 h, functionality: fully functional, travel distance X-axis: 2,000 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 1,500 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 1,250 mm, rapid traverse X-axis: 30 m/min, rapid traverse Y-axis: 30 m/min, rapid traverse Z-axis: 30 m/min, Travel distances X=2000 mm, Y=1500 mm, Z=1250 mm - Siemens 840 DsL CNC control Dsdpfezta H Ijx Akhjwa - NC rotary table for 4-sided machining, 1250 mm x 1250 mm - Horizontal spindle HSK100 - Spindle: 2500 rpm, HSK 100, 2200 Nm spindle torque - Approx. 9,500 spindle hours - Tool changer system HSK 100 / 40 stations - Chip conveyor - Internal/external air blow-off device - Minimum quantity lubrication for dry machining of castings - Full enclosure - Large interference circle 2300 mm - Double pallet changer - Short delivery time, subject to prior sale - Year of construction: 2010 Coolant supply available as an option - ICS 60 bar for deep hole machining

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2011, operating hours: 31,113 h, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: NHX40KB0083, travel distance X-axis: 560 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 560 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 660 mm, controller model: MITSUBISHI MSX-853 IV, spindle speed (max.): 12,000 rpm, TECHNICAL DETAILS Travel range, X-axis: 560 mm Travel range, Y-axis: 560 mm Travel range, Z-axis: 660 mm Djdpfjzrl H Rsx Akhswa Feed rate: 0–60 m/min Distance from spindle nose to table surface: 80–640 mm Number of pallets: 2 Pallet dimensions: 400 × 400 mm Table length: 400 mm Table width: 400 mm Max. workpiece length: 630 mm Max. workpiece width: 630 mm Max. workpiece height: 900 mm Max. workpiece diameter: 630 mm Max. workpiece size: Ø 630 × 900 mm Max. workpiece weight: 400 kg Pallet changing time: 9 s Max. spindle speed: 12,000 rpm Spindle drive power: 15/11 kW Spindle torque: 110 Nm Spindle bearing inner diameter: 80 mm Spindle type: SJ-2B4351TK Tool positions: 40 Max. tool diameter: 70 mm Max. tool diameter with free neighboring positions: 170 mm Max. tool length: 450 mm Max. tool weight: 8 kg Tool holder: MAS-BT40 MACHINE DETAILS Control system: MITSUBISHI MSX-853 IV Rated power: 38 kVA Total power consumption: 38 kVA Dimensions & Weight Dimensions (L x W x H): 2,720 x 4,224 x 2,513 mm Total weight: 7,600 kg Coolant tank capacity: 170 l High-pressure coolant: 15 bar Operating hours Hours under power: 64,734 h Operating time: 31,113 h EQUIPMENT Chip conveyor Work area light 4th axis Cooling High-pressure cooling 2-pallet changer

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2008, Technical details: x-travel: 1400 mm y-travel: 1200 mm z-travel: 1350 mm control: MSX- 701 Mapps III table surface area: 800 x 800 mm rapid traverse: 50 m/min table rotating: 360.000 x 0,001 B-Achse ° table load: 2,0 t numbers of pallets: 2 turning speed range: 8000 1/min power capacity - milling spindle: 37 kW no. of tools in the magazine: 60 Stück tool taper: HSK-A 100 Dedpfxewi Ibue Akhowa weight: 31 t dimensions: 5,9 x 3,48 x 3,68 m Equipment: - Thru-the-spindel coolant system Mayfran Consep 2000 70 bar with chipconveyor - Helical cutting + Synchronized tapping - Parts program memory 1 MB - Knoll 70 bar high pressure and filter system - Electrostatic oil dust collector LTA - elect. hand wheel - renishaw probe - abso- scale i X/Y/Z- axis - 5 free m- funktions - 48 extra off sets - dual ballscrews on X/Y/Z- axis *

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1999, Technical details: x-travel: 630 mm y-travel: 630 mm z-travel: 630 mm control: Unipro 90 Pallet changer 2x: 400 x 500 workpiece - installed height: 800 mm max. clampable workpiece diameter: 720 - 850 mm spindle taper:: SK 40 spindle turning speed - stepless: 10 - 8000 1/min Spindle power: 20 / 30 kW Spindle Torque: 95/143 Nm tool magazin:: 80 SK 40 total power requirement: 55 kW weight of the machine ca.: 11 t Machine with Unipro 90 control for 5 axis - twin palette changer - tool magazine 80 HSK-A 63 - coolant device with coolant through spindle 7 pressure levels - full A & B-axis Dodpfey Rmk Rjx Akhjwa - chip conveyor *

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1998, Technical details: x-travel: 630 mm Dsdoy Er Tgjpfx Akhjwa y-travel: 600 mm z-travel: 650 mm control: MSC 502 (Fanuc 16) Spindle RPM: 12000 1/min spindle drive: 22 / 18,5 kW rapid travel x/y/z: 32 m/min Pallet dimension: 500x500 mm numbers of pallets: 2 table load: 0,5 t working diameter: max. 610 mm Number of tool station: 60 BT40 max. tool length: 360 mm max. tool weight: 12 kg tool changing time: 1,3 sec B-axis positioning (non continuous): 1 total power requirement: 50 kVA weight of the machine ca.: 14 t dimensions of the machine ca.: 3,3 x 5,8 x 3,2 m Accerories Chip conveyor spindle load monitor Typ C Coolant gun Chamfering and corner rounding Tool life management Interface for coolant through the spindle This horizontal machining center comes with a pallet changer with 2 pallets, and has the following options: ATC 60 tool stations, High pressure coolant trough spindle interface, *

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2017, Technical details: x-travel: 560 mm y-travel: 560 mm z-travel: 660 mm control: Celos Siemens 840D SL Operate ERGOline Multitouch turning speeds: 20 - 20.000 1/min spindle drive: 25/ 35 kW max. torque on the spindle: 86 / 130 tool taper: HSK-A63 Number of tool station: 60 diameter of tools max.: 70 mm Tool diameter with no neighbouring tools: 170 mm tool length - max.: 450 mm weight of tools max.: 12 kg numbers of pallets: 2 Pallet dimension: 400 x 400 mm max. workpiece diameter: 630 mm workpiece height max.: 900 mm table load: 400 kg rapid travel x/y/z: 60 m/min Feed x/y/z: 60 m/min internal coolant system feed: 70 bar weight of the machine ca.: 8,5 t dimensions: 3200 x 4800 x 2900 mm Accerories Rotoclear window Signal lamp 4 colours Electronic handwheel Probe for tool breakage and length measuring Coolant shower Dwedpoyqybbjfx Akhoa Renishaw probe (spindle) Vorbereitung / preparation only HSK cone cleaning station with brushes Horizontal machining center with Siemens - Celos control, full b-axis, tool magazine with 123 pos. HSK-A 63, coolant through spindle 40 bar. The machine has just received a new milling spindle. *

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 1989, Immediately available from training center: Universal Milling Machine Horizontal - Vertical WMW Auerbach Type FW 250 x 1000 / 2 Year of manufacture: 1989 Table: 1250 x 250 mm Table load capacity: 1250 kg Travel X/Y/Z: 700 / 400 / 500 mm Dwsdpezrbvnefx Akhoa Heidenhain 3-axis digital readout SK 40 Spindle speeds: 55 – 2800 rpm Feeds: 10 – 630 mm/min, stepless Vertical head Horizontal milling device Drive power: 6.3 kW Weight: 2.5 t Offered at EUR 2,000 – plus VAT, ex location

Condition: new, pressure 100 kN stroke 0-200 mm table-size 450 x 1000 mm working speed: 6-10 mm/ sec. return speed 20 mm/sec work height max. 900 mm toolpiece height max. 200 mm total power requirement 1,5 kW bending capacity max. - round 42x3,2 mm 150x10 mm weight 320 kg dimensions 1010x480x1120 mm Dwjdpfxezr Rp Do Akhea

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, Maximum cutting diameter 400 mm Maximum rectangular cross-section 400 × 400 mm Band dimensions 3860 × 34 × 1.1 mm Band speed 27 / 45 / 69 m/min Speed ​​regulation Stepless (3 ranges) Power supply 400 V Main motor power 4 kW Drive type Mechanical transmission + hydraulic system Machine type Automatic band saw Design Column-type Vise Hydraulic Material feed Automatic, hydraulic Control Automatic (battery mode) Feeding accuracy ±0.20 mm Dwodpozr I T Hjfx Akhsa Cooling Coolant system (flood) Belt cleaning Wire brush Machine dimensions (L × W × H) 2400 × 2380 × 1800 mm Net weight 2100 kg Gross weight 2300 kg

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2025, functionality: fully functional, power: 1.1 kW (1.50 HP), input voltage: 400 V, type of input current: three-phase, total height: 1,700 mm, total length: 1,400 mm, total width: 685 mm, overall weight: 200 kg, cutting range round steel at 45°: 145 mm, cutting range round steel at 90°: 225 mm, cutting range square steel at 45°: 150 mm, cutting range square steel at 90°: 190 mm, saw band length: 2,480 mm, saw band width: 27 mm, Saw band --- 2480 x 27 x 0.9 mm Saw speed --- 45 - 90 m/min Motor --- 400V - 1.1 kW Weight --- 200 kg Cutting capacity at 0° ----- 225 mm / 190 x 190 mm / 245 x 150 mm Cutting capacity at 45° ----- 145 mm / 150 x 150 mm / 190 x 150 mm Cutting capacity at 60° ----- 90 mm / 90 x 90 mm / 120 x 90 mm INCLUDED * Adjustable material clamp * Graduations up to 60 degrees * Automatic shut-off * Low-noise electric motor * Enclosed worm gear transmission Dedpega Tzqofx Akhewa * Hydraulic pressure control * CE emergency stop * Coolant pump * Base cabinet * Quick-release clamp * M42 Bi-metal saw band

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOGUE NUMBER 7908 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS - Tool diameter, Wescott chuck 0-20mm - Max hole depth 155mm - Max milling length 250mm - Drill unit adjustment front/back, right/left + angle - Table adjustment up/down - Table swivel angle 0-45˚ - Working table dimensions 600x320mm - Four-point head 16-22-25-32mm - Material clamps 2 pcs - Motor power 2.2kW - Dimensions (L/W/H) 1050x800x1250mm - Weight 200kg ADVANTAGES – German-made – Very good condition – Eccentric clamps, 2 pcs Dsdpfxozr I H Tj Akhewa – Not repainted – Used drilling machine Net price: 6,500 PLN Net price: 1,550 EUR based on rate 4.2 EUR (Prices may change with significant fluctuations)

Condition: excellent (used), Catalogue number 7787 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS - Tool diameter: 14mm - Maximum drilling depth: 170mm - Maximum milling length: 180mm - Adjustment of drilling apparatus front/rear - Table adjustment up/down and sideways - Table swivel angle: +/-20˚ - Working table dimensions: 620x280mm - Material clamping - Motor power: 1.5kW - Brake - Dimensions (L/W/H): 1070x660x1250mm - Weight: 300kg ADVANTAGES – Polish production Dsdpfx Akjzr Iyyjhjwa – Very good condition – Used drilling machine Net price: 5900 PLN Net price: 1400 EUR Net price calculated at an exchange rate of 4.2 PLN/EUR (In the case of major exchange rate fluctuations, the price may change)

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1998, machine/vehicle number: 0102-260022, The Behringer HBP 430N is a horizontal, double-column bandsaw designed for professional use in metalworking. It is suitable for precisely cutting solid materials, pipes, and profiles and impresses with its robust construction and high cutting accuracy. The machine is designed for straight cuts; depending on the configuration, miter cuts up to 45° are also possible. With a cutting range of Ø 430 mm or 600 × 430 mm and a continuously variable cutting speed of 17 to 110 m/min, it can be used in a variety of applications. The powerful 7.5 kW sawing motor, hydraulic workpiece clamping, and coolant system with 150 liters ensure reliable and economical operation. With a machine weight of 2,100 kg, the HBP 430N offers high stability and is ideal for daily use in metalworking, steel construction, and mechanical engineering companies. Technical Data HBP 430 N Working range 90° round Ø 430 mm Working range 90° flat 600 × 430 mm Working range 45° flat 320 × 430 mm Smallest material dimension 15 mm / 10 × 15 mm Smallest section length 10 mm Remaining piece length approx. 40 mm Cutting speed 17–110 m/min Coolant tank 150 l Belt tension 80 bar Sawing motor 7.5 kW Hydraulic motor 2.2 kW Coolant pump 0.12 kW Chip conveyor 0.09 kW Connected load approx. 11 kW Mains connection 400 V / 50 Hz Dwjdpfxezq S Ncs Akhoa Control voltage 24 V DC Current consumption approx. 22 A Fuse 35 A Cable cross-section min. 4 × 6 mm² Saw band dimension 5,800 × 54 × 1.3 mm Machine weight 2,100 kg Material support height 700 mm

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2012, machine/vehicle number: 0102-260024, The Behringer HBP 313N is a horizontal, double-column bandsaw for industrial metalworking. It is used for the precise cutting of solid materials, pipes, and profiles. Its robust design and continuously adjustable cutting speed make it suitable for use in both single-piece and series production. The machine has a working area of Ø 310 mm for round materials and 500 × 300 mm for flat materials. The cutting speed is adjustable between 20 and 140 m/min. A coolant system with a 60-liter capacity ensures good cooling and a long service life for the saw blade. The machine is powered by a 4.0 kW saw motor. The electrical connection is 400 V / 50 Hz, and the control system operates at 24 V DC. With a machine weight of 1,960 kg, the HBP 313N offers high stability and ensures precise machining of metal materials. Technical specifications: Dwjdpfx Akszq S Hnshoa Saw blade dimensions 5,000 x 34 x 1.1 mm Working area Ø 310 mm / 500 × 300 mm Cutting speed 20–140 m/min Coolant 60 l Belt tension 60 bar Saw motor 4.0 kW Connected load approx. 7 kW Mains connection 400 V, 50 Hz Control voltage 24 V DC Machine weight 1,960 kg Material support height 800 mm

Condition: new, functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2023, - In stock, unit is available! - The Rotection flowpack machine is suitable for packaging various products. A large operating display (HMI) ensures easy access to necessary data, such as tubular bag length. Model designation: Rotection tubular bag machine Operating display: 6.8" display Drives: Servo Packing length: 40-400mm Packaging width: 35-160 mm (depending on film width) Packing height: dependent on form shoulder Speed: 80-100 bags/min. in continuous operation Speed: up to 70 bags/min. Intermittently Film width: 90-400 mm Dsdpfjinwi Hox Akhjwa Power consumption: 5 KW Power supply: 220-240 V / 50 Hz / 1-phase System weight: approx. 400 kg System dimensions: approx. 4000 x 930 x 1370 mm Error rate: < 5% *The above information refers to the model: RMFP70. This is a horizontal packaging machine. In the picture gallery you will find various models from our range of systems. Of course we offer you state of the art Box-Motion tubular bag systems. In order to be able to offer you the right packaging system for your requirements, our engineers are available to advise you. Of course, we will supply you with suitable mounting frames for the use of thermal transfer printers, or we will be happy to offer you a suitable system. We would be happy to carry out a test with your product in advance in order to offer you the right form shoulder and to be able to make a statement on the performance.

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2003, Hettich Blue Max hinge drilling machine, type: Blue Max 19 - FS Number of spindles per row of holes: 11 Number of horizontal spindles: 5 Pot-joint drilling head: yes Dsdpfx Akezhx D Uehswa Drill spacing: 32 mm Clamping device: yes / pneumatic Power consumption: 2.2 kW Stop rulers Accessories: many drill bits (see photos) Location: in stock at warehouse 54634 Bitburg - immediately available -

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2012, 1 used 4-axis horizontal machining center Manufacturer: DMG Type: NHX 4000 Year of construction: 2012 Control: Siemens 840D SL Operate Technical details: X-axis travel: 560 mm Y-axis travel: 560 mm Z-axis travel: 660 mm Spindle speed: 20 - 12000 rpm Spindle motor: 25/35 kW Torque at the spindle: 86 / 130 Tool holder: SK 40 Number of tool magazine positions: 40 Maximum tool diameter: 70 mm Tool diameter with free adjacent positions: 170 mm Tool length - max.: 450 mm Maximum tool weight: 12 kg Pallet size: 400 x 400 mm Number of pallets: 2 Workpiece diameter - max.: 630 mm Workpiece height - max.: 900 mm Table load: 400 kg Rapid traverse rates x/y/z: 60 m/min Feed rates x/y/z: 60 m/min Dwjdpfezq R Tmex Akhsa Internal coolant supply: 70 bar Machine weight approx.: 8.5 t Overall dimensions: 3200 x 4800 x 2900 mm Equipment: Production package with internal coolant supply (IKZ) at 40 bar

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2004, For sale CNC Horizontal Machining Center HELLER MCH 250 with Robot (YASKAWA GP50 Robot) – Siemens 840D 4-axis For sale, a high-productivity production cell / robotic island including a HELLER MCH 250 horizontal machining center with pallet changer, fully automated with a YASKAWA Motoman GP50 loading/handling robot and its secure loading cell. Complete set, ideal for high-volume production, intensive machining of automotive, aerospace, or precision mechanical parts with automated operation / without human presence. 1. Specifications of the HELLER MCH 250 Machining Center: Brand: HELLER (Gebr. Heller Maschinenfabrik GmbH) Model: MCH 250 Year of manufacture: 2004 Numerical Control (CNC): SIEMENS Sinumerik 840D Dedpszpzyzofx Akhjwa Order / serial number: 32-46258 Power supply: 400 V / 50 Hz / 123 A Included equipment: 4 axes Automatic pallet changer Large capacity tool magazine (chain / upper matrix type) Chip conveyor with KNOLL high-pressure filtration / coolant unit 2. Specifications of the YASKAWA Loading Robot: Brand: YASKAWA Electric Corporation Robot Model: MOTOMAN-GP50 Type: YR-106VX50-A00 Year of manufacture: August 2018 Load capacity (Payload): 50 kg Robot weight: 570 kg Robot cell equipment: Specific gripper / clamp Gravity-fed / drawer part station / storage unit Complete protective enclosure with housing and CE safety grilles Machines disconnected and sold as is.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2005, functionality: fully functional, empty load weight: 1,300 kg, Horizontal drilling/pushing rig, complete with numerous extension rods. Bohrtec PZ 120/80. Year of manufacture: 2005. Weight: 1300 kg. Pushing force: 1200 kN. Pulling force: 800 kN. Length: 325 cm. Width: 60 cm. 46 x extension rod, 100 cm long, 22 cm diameter. 72 x extension rod, 100 cm long, 6 cm diameter. Crate with couplings and various accessories. Dwodpfjzp Sa Eex Akhsa See photos. Price net + 21% VAT or net for export. Calling or sending a WhatsApp message is the fastest way to contact us. We speak Dutch. We speak German. We speak English.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2022, controller manufacturer: Siemens, controller model: 840 Dsl, _____ Description: Year of manuf. : 2022 Control : Siemens 840 Dsl Speed : 25000 rpm Movement X/Y/Z : 200/350/300 mm Tool holder : HSK 40 In General: Year of manufacture:2022 Control system:Siemens 840 Dsl Travel ranges X/Y/Z:200/350/300 mm Speed:25,000 rpm Tool holder:HSK 40 Spindle: Technology:2 motorised spindles Spindle centre distance:200 mm Speed:25,000 rpm Tool holder:HSK 40 Double-swivel mount: Technology:A-axis or U-axis with counter-bearing Drive:Direct drive (torque motors) Loading module: Technology:Industrial robots Manufacturer:Fanuc Model:LR Mate 200iD Gripper:Double gripper Workpiece marking:Needle embossing station (DMC) Workpiece feed: Technology:L-shaped infeed and outfeed conveyor Workpiece carriers:20 Dimensions:190 x 150 x 15 Workpiece capacity:20 Dimensions:220 x 160 x 240 mm Equipment: Tool magazine:40 positions (2 × 20) Dwodezrkn Topfx Akhea Position measurement systems:Direct on all axes Chip removal:Chip conveyor Coolant supply:IKZ system, 80 bar Hydraulic clamping:3 clamping circuits per side Automatic rinsing cycle:Workpieces + clamping device Contact monitoring:Pneumatic Tool breakage monitoring:Inductive