Used Tekna Tk 150 for sale (10,660)

Condition: used, mileage: 450 km, power: 129 kW (175.39 HP), first registration: 05/2026, fuel type: diesel, overall weight: 7,200 kg, color: white, gearing type: mechanical, emission class: euro6, number of seats: 3, loading space length: 4,100 mm, loading space width: 2,050 mm, loading space height: 2,000 mm, Equipment: ABS, air conditioning, central locking, electronic stability program (ESP), parking heater, soot filter, tail-lift, Are you looking for a different model, engine specification, dimensions, or other options? Please feel free to contact us. We offer financing and leasing on attractive terms – also available for the Netherlands, Austria, and new business start-ups! ---Vehicle Specifications: * Wheelbase: 4100 mm * 6-speed manual transmission * Single cab * Rear twin tyres * Gross vehicle weight: 7.2 tonnes * Digital tachograph * Speed limiter: 90 km/h Interior: * Passenger bench seat with multifunction storage * Overhead storage above windscreen * Luxury driver's seat, sprung, heated * Grab handle on A-pillar * Comfort headrests * Leather multifunction steering wheel * Fabric seat covers Safety & Assistance: * ESP (Electronic Stability Programme) * AEBS + City Brake System * Driver airbag * Front area monitoring system (MOIS) * Electronic operating and maintenance logs * Rear parking sensors * Lane centering assist Plus (LC) * Eco-Smart function * Additional speed limiter * Seat belt warning system front/rear * Driver drowsiness detection (DDAW) * Turn assist, passenger side (BSIS) * Rear blind spot radar * Traffic sign recognition with ISA * Spare wheel Wheels & Technology: * Electrically adjustable, heated mirrors * Digital radio DAB 7" touchscreen * Apple CarPlay/Android Auto * All-weather tyres * AIRPRO air suspension rear axle * Centrally mounted manual parking brake * Automatic climate control * Heated fuel filter * Auxiliary hot water heater * Light and rain sensor * Fog lights * Full-LED headlamps * 4G Connectivity Box including TCO * Adaptive cruise control (ACC) * Toll system pre-installation (OBU) * Central locking with remote control * 20 liter AdBlue tank & driver heater * 90l integrated fuel tank * 12V 110 Ah battery Refrigerated Box Body: * Insulation: 80 mm / 100 mm * Slip-resistant floor covering * Reinforced floor Nlsdst Rrfdspfx Akujb * Rear tailgate * Side door with separate lock and step * Combination lashing rail (1 left & 1 right) * 1 lashing strap * LED internal and external lighting * Roof spoiler * Drain holes in front wall of box * Reversing camera * Side underrun protection * Aluminium wheel housings with mudguards * Side marker lights Refrigeration Unit: * ThermoKing V 500X 50 MAX * Suitable for on-road and stationary cooling * Touchlog Standard Tail Lift: Dhollandia * Model: 10 * Lifting capacity: 1,000 kg * Platform depth: 1,800 mm * Roll-off protection * LED warning light * Remote control with spiral cable * Foot operation Additional extras for the box body are available at extra cost. ---Note: Please call before visiting so we can ensure your desired vehicle is on site. If not available in Wachtendonk, we can deliver from our stock. Custom bodywork on request. Your vehicle partner since 1996. Call or email us now – we look forward to hearing from you! No liability for printing or typing errors. Subject to error and prior sale. Best regards, Pimenta Automobile

Condition: ready for operation (used), Heidenhain UV 150 ID 361170-01. The costs only cover the repair analysis of your component, which you can send to us. After inspecting your component, you will receive a quotation with the actual repair costs. Once you approve the repair, the analysis costs will be waived. As part of the repair process, your component will be fully overhauled and is covered by a 3-month warranty from us. Nedpfey Nrpcex Akuslb

Condition: ready for operation (used), Heidenhain UV 150 ID 361170-02 The costs cover only the repair analysis of your component, which you can send to us. After inspecting your component, you will receive a quotation with the actual repair costs. If you approve the repair, the analysis costs will be waived. During the repair process, your component will be completely overhauled and covered by a 3-month warranty provided by us. Nodpfxey Nrpij Akuolb

Condition: ready for operation (used), Indramat KDA 3.2-150-3-A0S-W1 main spindle drive SN:230900-747249-025, professionally fully overhauled and tested with 12 months warranty, 100% functional, scope of delivery as per photos. The agreed sales discounts do not apply to this item. Please request the price separately. Nsdpfxotqa Urs Akuslb

Condition: ready for operation (used), Heidenhain BF 150 monitor ID: 353 522-04, serial number: 34247984A, professionally fully overhauled and tested with 6 months warranty, 100% functional. Scope of delivery as shown in the photos. The agreed sales discounts do not apply to this item. Please request the price separately! Njdpfx Ajy Nqdlekuslb

Condition: ready for operation (used), Heidenhain UVR 150 ID 366320-01. The costs only cover the repair analysis of your component, which you can send to us. After inspection of your component, you will receive a quotation with the actual repair costs. Upon your approval for repair, the analysis costs will be waived. As part of the repair process, your component will be completely overhauled and will receive a 3-month warranty from us. Nledjy Nrtnjpfx Akujb

Condition: ready for operation (used), Heidenhain UVR 150 ID 384708-01 The costs listed include only the repair analysis of your component, which you can send to us. After inspection of your component, you will receive a quotation detailing the actual repair costs. Once you approve the repair, the analysis costs will be credited. As part of the repair process, your component will be fully overhauled and comes with a 3-month warranty from us. Nljdey Nrtuopfx Akujb

Condition: ready for operation (used), Indramat RAC 2.3-150-380-A-00-W1 Spindle Drive , serial no. according to photo ,used, fan missing, small traces of use, 100% functional, scope of delivery according to photos ATTENTION: Please ask for costs of packing and shipping separately! ATT Nsdpfxoi Ebllo Akuolb

Condition: ready for operation (used), Bosch VM 60-150 supply module, serial no. according to photo,used, professionally completely overhauled and tested with 12 months warranty, 100% functional, scope of delivery according to photos,The agreed sales discounts do not apply to this item. Price please ask separately Nsdpei D Ug Usfx Akujlb

Condition: ready for operation (used), Baldor TSNM 150-12-722 ASR servo driver SN:0201MG16856, used, good condition, 100% functional, delivery as per photos. Nlsdpey Np D Rjfx Akujb

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2007, FOD BYDGOSZCZ Shaft Multi-Rip Saw* DPPD III 50E 530/150 Catalogue number: 7405 TECHNICAL DATA - Maximum cutting height: 150 mm - Maximum element width: 700 mm - Working width of arbor with saw blades: 530 mm - Maximum blade diameter: 450 mm (currently fitted: 350 mm) - Blade bore diameter: 90 mm From above: - Kickback pawls - 2 toothed feed rollers From below: - 2 smooth feed rollers - Arbor with saw blades - Smooth feed roller - 4 feed speed options - Feed motor approx. 2 kW - Main motor 30 kW - Machine dimensions (L/W/H): 2400x1700x1900 mm - Weight approx. 3000 kg – Made in Poland – Used machine, condition: very good Net price: 38,900 PLN Net price: 9,260 EUR (calculated at an exchange rate of 4.2 EUR) Nlodpfx Asy Rrywokujb (Prices may change in case of substantial exchange rate fluctuations) * MAR-MASZ guarantees the quality of your purchase, but is not an authorized representative of the manufacturer. All trademarks and trade names are used solely for informational purposes to facilitate identification of the product. We only resell items that were previously put on the market by the manufacturer. We do not have any business relations with the manufacturer.

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2004, CATALOG NUMBER 7880 Technical data: - max cutting height: 150mm - max element width: 500mm - working width of shaft with saws: 400mm - shaft diameter: 70mm - max saw blade diameter: 450mm - from above: - anti-kickback devices - 2 toothed feed rollers – pneumatically pressed - from below: - slip roller - anti-kickback devices - 2 toothed feed rollers - saw shaft - 2 toothed feed rollers - stepless feed speed adjustment via inverter - feed motor: 3kW - main motor: 55kW - overall dimensions L/W/H: 2120x1600x1630mm - weight approx. 2750kg Nedpjy Rrpxefx Akujlb ADVANTAGES – Polish-made – robust construction – Used machine, in very good condition Net price: 55,900 PLN Net price: 13,310 EUR at 4.20 EUR exchange rate (Prices may vary with greater exchange rate fluctuations)

Year of construction: 2020, condition: new, functionality: fully functional, Unused Strand Pelletizer Nlsdpfx Aef U Slfokuob

Condition: refurbished (used), Year of construction: 2014, machine/vehicle number: R-00598, load capacity: 150 kg, arm reach: 2,200 mm, controller manufacturer: IRC5, teach pendant manufacturer: DSQC679, Never-used ABB IRB 6620-150/2.2 manufactured in 2014.02. The robot comes with an IRC5 controller including Flexpendant DSQC679.   Our experts extensively tested the robot, after which we conducted a maintenance service according to the manufacturers’ specifications. The oil is examined for the amount of iron particles, indicating the corresponding axes' condition. Only robots in excellent mechanical condition will be completely refurbished, ensuring a long-term solution for our customers. This enables us to deliver our robots with a warranty term of 12 months as standard! Nodpjy Nauajfx Akujlb   Brand: ABB Model: IRB 6620-150/2.2 Model Number: IRB Year of Manufacture Robot: 2014.02 Warranty term (months): 12   Payload (kg): 150 Reach (mm): 2200 Repeatability (mm): ± 0.03 Controlled Axes: 6-axis Installation Type: Floor, Upside-down, Wall, Angle Mount Weight (kg): 880   Controller: IRC5 Year of Manufacture Cabinet: 2014.02 RCC Length (m): 14   Teach Pendant: DSQC679 Teach Pendant Cable Length (m): 15

Year of construction: 2007, condition: used, Colour: Grey Empty weight: 500 kg Dimensions (LxBxH): 270 x 70 x 246 cm - Year: 2007 - Documentation available: No - CE marking present: Yes - CE certificate present: No - Serial number: 13.02.01.10372/1 - Transport dimensions: 2700mm x 700mm x 2460mm (l x w x h) - Transport weight [kg]: 500kg - Transport packages [pcs.]: 1 Financial information VAT: The price shown is exclusive of VAT VAT/margin: VAT deductible for entrepreneurs Nlodpfx Aowh Nfrekuob Delivery and trade-in always possible for everything in the industrial sectors Peter Stroomberg

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2014, total length: 2,200 mm, total width: 2,150 mm, total height: 2,080 mm, Colour: Grey Weight: 3.500 kg - Year: 2014 - Documentation available: No - CE certificate present: No - Serial number: 04A62 - Main motor power [kW]: 30.0 - Max. saw blade diameter [mm]: 450 - Max. distance between saw blades [mm]: 550 - Max. cutting width [mm]: 690 - Max. cutting height [mm]: 150 - Min. workpiece length [mm]: 2000 - Feed speed: - └ Min. feed speed [m/min]: 20 - └ Max. feed speed [m/min]: 120 - └ Feed speed control: Continuously adjustable - Spindle speed: - └ Max. spindle speed [rpm]: 3600 - Transport dimensions: 2200mm x 2150mm x 2080mm (l x w x h) - Transport weight [kg]: 3500kg - Transport packages [pcs.]: 1 Financial information VAT: The price shown is exclusive of VAT VAT/margin: VAT deductible for entrepreneurs Delivery and trade-in always possible for everything in the industrial sectors Nljdownhy Ujpfx Akusb Yorick Diebels

Condition: used, functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2016, operating hours: 11,379 h, load capacity: 15,000 kg, lifting height: 5,500 mm, free lift: 2,750 mm, fuel type: diesel, mast type: duplex, construction height: 4,445 mm, power: 160 kW (217.54 HP), fork length: 2,400 mm, drive type: Diesel, Heavy-duty forklift truck - Diesel Load centre: 1200 Fork width: 250 mm Fork thickness: 100 mm Mast type: Duplex Condition: Refurbished with warranty Technical condition: Very good Front tyre type: Pneumatic Front tyre condition: New Rear tyre type: Pneumatic Nlodpfjy Scwiex Akueb Rear tyre condition: New Description: Side shifter, fork positioner, height-adjustable forks, central lubrication system, reversing camera, front axle width 2900 mm !!!!!, mast, fork carriage and forks are NEW !!! 3rd valve, 4th valve, rear work lights, front work lights, heating, road approval (STVZO), full cab, air conditioning, full free lift, CE certificate, scale, exterior mirrors, LED.

Condition: used, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: B40400693, Year of construction: 2019, operating hours: 8,037 h, load capacity: 16,000 kg, lifting height: 4,000 mm, free lift: 2,000 mm, fuel type: diesel, mast type: duplex, construction height: 3,695 mm, power: 160 kW (217.54 HP), fork carriage width: 2,500 mm, fork length: 2,500 mm, drive type: Diesel, Heavy Duty Forklift - Diesel Chassis Number: B40400693 Load Center: 600 mm Fork Width: 250 mm Fork Thickness: 100 mm Mast Type: Duplex Condition: Refurbished with Warranty Technical Condition: Very Good Front Tyres Type: Pneumatic Front Tyres Size: 12.00 x 20 Front Tyres Condition: New Nlodpfoy Scv Sox Akueb Rear Tyres Type: Pneumatic Rear Tyres Size: 12.00 x 20 Rear Tyres Condition: New Description: TOP CONDITION!!! - COMPLETELY OVERHAULED by KALMAR!!! Only 3,500 mm wheelbase (250 mm shorter than a DCG 160-12), as this unit is a DCG 150-12 upgraded to a 16,000 kg lifting capacity!!! Sideshifter, fork positioner, third valve, fourth valve, fork positioner with sideshifter, fork carriage with central level adjustment, width B = 2,500 mm, Kalmar comfort cabin with air conditioning and radio, central lubrication system for mast and steering axle, road traffic approved lighting, LED headlights front and rear, as well as on the mast, front camera. THE LIFT MAST IS FACTORY NEW!!!

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, functionality: fully functional, Mobile high-pressure waste container washers Autonomous container unit, independent from the chassis. Nedpewmln Tjfx Akuelb Specifications: - Hydraulic lifting and lowering, - Washes either two small containers (120–240 L) or one large container (1100 L), - Two washing nozzles, - Programmable washing cycles, - Honda engine or equivalent, - Power generator Low operating costs: - 3.5 t permissible gross vehicle weight for the chassis, - Only a few liters of petrol for an entire working day, - Water recycling system (average 800–1000 liters per day), - Up to 100–150 containers (120–240 L) cleaned per day, - Biodegradable cleaning and disinfecting agents (EU-certified). Versatile applications: - The unit can be removed from the truck bed and used separately (especially important during winter). Additional options: - Cleaning of construction machinery, gardens, parks, playgrounds, kindergartens, schools, offices, traffic signs, facades, parking lots, and much more. - Hot water function. - Power sockets (mobile generator) for your electric tools. - Quick couplings for an additional water tank. More photos and videos available on request.

Condition: good (used), Clamping angle, clamping aid -Clamping angle: for workpiece clamping -Wall thickness: 31 mm -Dimensions: 265/150/H200 mm Nedpfx Akey Iwp Eeuelb -Weight: 18.7 kg

Condition: used, mileage: 248,811 km, power: 184 kW (250.17 HP), first registration: 06/2017, fuel type: diesel, overall weight: 11,990 kg, axle configuration: 2 axles, color: white, gearing type: automatic, emission class: euro6, loading space volume: 42 m³, loading space length: 7,470 mm, loading space width: 2,470 mm, loading space height: 2,300 mm, Year of construction: 2017, Equipment: ABS, air conditioning, electronic stability program (ESP), soot filter, tail-lift, TGL 12.250 BL Refrigerated Box 7.40 m with BÄR Tail Lift 1.5 t * THERMOKING T-600 R (diesel engine) with 380 V ELECTRIC standby cooling * Vehicle number for customer inquiries: 4404 * Automatic climate control * Automated climate system * Rear axle differential lock * Lane departure warning system * Air conditioning * Parking assist camera * Automatic transmission * Environmental badge (green) * Air suspension * Tail lift * Electronic Stability Program (ESP) * EBS * Electric windows, driver and passenger doors * Engine brake, standard system * Cruise control * Particulate filter * Electric windows * Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) * Two-seater * Reinforced front axle stabilizer * Reinforced rear axle stabilizer under chassis * Roof hatch/ventilation flap * Power steering Njdpfjxa I Sxox Akuelb * Electrically adjustable side mirrors * Driver’s seat, air-suspended * Speed limiter * Distance warning system * Full service history * Traction control * 2/3-door configuration No liability for typographical or printing errors Sale exclusively to businesses Subject to change and prior sale. Alterations, prior sale, and errors expressly reserved. The description serves to identify the vehicle and does not constitute a warranty within the meaning of sales law. The details according to the purchase contract are binding. * TOP SERVICE & QUALITY * We are happy to provide you with a LEASING – FINANCING – HIRE PURCHASE offer Warranty insurance available on request from the insurer * TÜV / UVV LBW / Tachograph test and OBU installation can be arranged with our local partners * 30-day export license plates All export documents are possible but must be requested individually * Toll Collect registration available on site * Free transfer from Stuttgart Airport or Metzingen train station (Württ) * TRAIN STATION FOR ARRIVAL: 72555 METZINGEN/WÜRTT. * FOR ENGLISH * Andreas Pittas * Thomas Pittas * Alexander Pittas * Robin Pittas WHATSAPP number * * ---- Visit our website at * Always over 200 vehicles in stock

Condition: used, mileage: 296,100 km, power: 184 kW (250.17 HP), first registration: 12/2018, fuel type: diesel, overall weight: 11,990 kg, axle configuration: 2 axles, color: white, gearing type: automatic, emission class: euro6, loading space volume: 42 m³, loading space length: 7,470 mm, loading space width: 2,470 mm, loading space height: 2,300 mm, Year of construction: 2018, Equipment: ABS, air conditioning, electronic stability program (ESP), soot filter, tail-lift, TGL 12.250 BL refrigerated box 7.45 m with BÄR BC-4S 1 t tail lift * THERMOKING T-600 R (diesel engine) and 380 V electric standby refrigeration * Vehicle number for customer inquiries: 4405 * Automatic climate control * Differential lock, rear axle * Lane departure warning system * Air conditioning * Parking assist with camera * Automatic transmission * Environmental badge (green) * Air suspension * Tail lift * Electronic Stability Program (ESP) * Electronic Braking System (EBS) * Electric window lifters, driver and passenger door * Engine brake, standard system * Cruise control * Particulate filter * Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) * Two-seater * Reinforced stabilizer on front axle * Reinforced stabilizer on rear axle under frame Nodpfxsxb Hlys Akuslb * Roof hatch/ventilation flap in roof * Power steering * Electric side mirrors * Air-suspended driver's seat * Speed limiter * Distance warning system * Service book maintained * Traction control * 2/3-door No liability for printing or typographical errors Sale to business customers only Errors and prior sale excepted; modifications, intermediate sale, and errors explicitly reserved. The description serves for vehicle identification and does not constitute a warranty in terms of sales law. The agreement in the purchase contract is decisive. * TOP SERVICE + QUALITY * We are happy to offer you a LEASING-FINANCING-HIRE PURCHASE quote Warranty insurance available on request from the insurer * TÜV / UVV LBW / Tachograph inspection and installation of OBU unit available through our local partners * 30-day export license plates All necessary export documents are available upon request * TOLL collection for Toll-Collect can be booked in-house * Free transfer from Stuttgart Airport or Metzingen (Württ) railway station * ARRIVAL TRAIN STATION: 72555 METZINGEN/WÜRTT. * FOR ENGLISH * Andreas Pittas * Thomas Pittas * Alexander Pittas * Robin Pittas WHATSAPP number * * ---- Visit us on our website at * Constant stock of over 200 vehicles

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2011, load capacity: 15,000 kg, total length: 7,700 mm, Diesel forklift Kalmar DCE 150-12 Drive Diesel Year built 2011 Lifting weight (kg) 15,000 Nlodpoy Rawqofx Akueb

Condition: used, mileage: 108,236 km, power: 110 kW (149.56 HP), fuel type: diesel, gearing type: automatic, axle configuration: 4x2, wheelbase: 3,400 mm, first registration: 01/2022, fuel tank capacity: 70 l, CO₂ emissions: 199 g/km, emission class: euro6, color: grey, number of seats: 3, Year of construction: 2022, Equipment: ABS, air conditioning, airbag, central locking, cruise control, electronic stability program (ESP), fog lights, immobilizer system, navigation system, onboard computer, parking sensors, sliding door, traction control, = Additional options and accessories = - Android Auto - Apple CarPlay - Attention assist - Automatically dimming interior rearview mirror - Heated exterior mirrors - Passenger airbag - Bluetooth - Electric front windows - Electrically adjustable exterior mirrors - Euro 6 - Driver airbag - Remote central locking - Rear doors - Hill-start assist - Wooden loading platform - Height-adjustable steering wheel - Cornering light - Lumbar support - Multimedia compatible - Fog lights - Rear parking sensors - Radio - Rain sensor - Rear window wiper - Sliding door on the right side - Start/stop system - Immobilizer - System to prevent secondary collisions - Connected services - Partition = Additional information = General information Nlsdpfx Ajy Iqbbskueb Number of doors: 5 Model range: Sept. 2019 - Sept. 2024 Model code: T6.1 Cab: standard Technical information Torque: 340 Nm Number of cylinders: 4 Engine displacement: 1,968 cc Transmission: 7 gears, automatic Top speed: 182 km/h Dimensions Length/height: L2H1 Dimensions (L x W x H): 530 x 190 x 199 cm Weights Unladen weight: 1,957 kg Payload: 1,043 kg GVW: 3,000 kg Max. towing capacity: 2,500 kg (unbraked 750 kg) Interior Interior: black Fuel consumption Average fuel consumption: 5.9 l/100km Maintenance, history and condition Service booklets: available APK (technical inspection): valid until 05/2027 Number of keys: 3 (2 remote controls) Product safety Manufacturer: Oostland Automobielen Wasaweg 22 9723JD GRONINGEN, NL

Condition: new, Instead of €14,874 gross RRP, now only €9,499 net (€11,304 gross incl. 19% VAT). You save -24% compared to the RRP! TIGERMETAL WH150 – Hydraulic Workshop Press 150 Tons | Electric + Manual Pump The TIGERMETAL WH150 workshop press is a powerful industrial press designed for the most demanding applications in workshops, production, and maintenance. With a pressing force of 150 tons, the machine is ideal for heavy-duty straightening, pressing, and bending operations in professional environments. Thanks to the combination of electric drive and manual hand pump, the press allows both fast operation and highly sensitive, precise pressure control – especially for delicate workpieces. 🔧 Technical Data: Model: WH150 Manufacturer: TIGERMETAL Pressing force: 150 tons Drive: Electric motor + manual pump Njdpof Sqckjfx Akuolb Motor power: approx. 4 kW Connection: 400V – 16A – 50 Hz Max. working pressure: approx. 310 bar Stroke: approx. 400 mm Working width: approx. 1200 mm Max. working height: approx. 1000 mm Weight: approx. 1080 kg Advantages: ✔ Combined operation (electric + manual) ✔ Extremely high pressing force for heavy-duty applications ✔ Precisely controllable pressure ✔ Laterally movable cylinder ✔ Height-adjustable crossbeam ✔ Heavy-duty, durable steel construction ✔ Integrated pressure gauge (manometer) ✔ Safety valve for overload protection ✔ Optionally expandable with accessories The WH150 is the ideal solution for anyone looking to combine maximum pressing power with the highest level of precision, flexibility, and industrial reliability. The laterally movable cylinder and height-adjustable working table ensure maximum flexibility and optimal adaptation to a wide variety of workpieces. The massive steel construction guarantees maximum stability, safety, and a long service life – even under intensive industrial use. Some images may show a slightly different version than the one offered here. The version shown in some pictures may include an additional automatic function. A wide range of additional workshop presses in various designs, sizes, and with optional equipment is available! Available versions: 30 tons 60 tons 100 tons 150 tons 200 tons 200 tons: on request Custom machines: on request New machine! We are also happy to manufacture a custom-built press tailored to your requirements. A demonstration machine can be tested on-site under power. ----- Please feel free to contact us – we will be happy to advise you without obligation. ----- The stated price is net plus 19% VAT. All information without guarantee! Delivery available throughout Europe! The European Commission provides a platform for online dispute resolution (OS platform). This offer serves solely as an online presentation of our products. Contract negotiations are conducted via telecommunication (email, fax, phone, messaging platforms). You will first receive a non-binding offer including our general terms and conditions as well as information on your right of withdrawal before any purchase/contract is concluded.