Used Hako Floor Cleaning Machine for sale (71,872)

Year of construction: 2001, condition: used, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 8340020123, For sale: ELUMATEC EV 834 cleaning machine. The machine is in working condition. Dodpfey Dfgkex Aqcech

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, functionality: fully functional, total width: 2,710 mm, total length: 1,660 mm, total height: 2,975 mm, maximum load weight: 3,000 kg, tank capacity: 2,380 l, overall weight: 150 kg, year of last overhaul: 2026, Ultrasonic cleaning unit with a capacity of 2,380 litres. This ultrasonic cleaning machine is equipped with a pneumatic lifting platform with a load capacity of up to 1,500 kg. The lift has three main functions, which are: 1. To assist with the loading and unloading of parts to be cleaned. 2. Assisting with cleaning in hard-to-reach areas, creating a gentle movement of the fluid that helps remove loosened dirt particles. 3. Preventing the ultrasonic action from concentrating on a single point, thereby avoiding marking on the parts to be cleaned when these are made of soft metals such as aluminium or zamak. Dcodpfsypcunex Aqcoh Ultrasonic cleaning system with patented technology This ultrasonic machine is designed to cover a wide variety of industrial applications. Some of the main applications include: 1. Parts cleaning: Metal parts or mechanical components requiring the complete removal of residues and oils prior to assembly. 2. Degreasing of parts: Removal of grease and oil in equipment manufacturing and maintenance. 3. Stripping and removal of adhered contaminants: Removal of rust, varnish and other impurities. 4. Cleaning in the mechanical industry: Removal of welding residues and particles from electronic components without damaging them.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2024, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 16803, fuel type: electric, empty load weight: 750 kg, total length: 1,810 mm, construction height: 1,500 mm, drive type: Elektro, construction width: 1,225 mm, sweeping width: 1,000 mm, Sweeper-scrubber machine Chassis number: 16803 Dcodpeyytixefx Aqceh Condition: As new Technical condition: Very good Battery voltage: 24V Battery capacity: 240Ah Battery manufacturer: Hoppecke Aquamatic Battery type: PzS Battery year: 2024 Battery condition: 80 - 100% Description: 1,000 mm working width, 6,000 m²/h surface performance, 120 l container capacity, hydraulic high dump, round filter, automatic filter cleaning, 3.5 h battery runtime, right-hand side brush, gradeability 12%, working speed 6 km/h, suitable for indoor and outdoor use.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1995, Cleaning machine, manufacturer PAC, for 3,000 bottles/hour, suitable for bottles with diameter 90mm and height 262mm, equipped with 2 lye baths, hot and cold water and fresh water bath, year of manufacture 1995, for sale. Dodsyzg Sispfx Aqcjch

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2003, Cleaning machine, manufacturer: GM Gera, type: Arcade, for 24,000 bottles/h, Dcjdpfxoyzdq Ne Aqcoh adjustable range 7,600 – 26,400 bottles/h 25 bottles/row basket pitch 95 mm, chain pitch 140 mm with Siemens S7 control system dismantled, available for inspection at warehouse

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2017, Used. Ask for additional information! Dodpfx Aoyzcpksqcsch

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2022, functionality: fully functional, Urban ESB 500 corner and scissor drilling unit with drill heads for Siegenia fittings Dcsdeyza Dfspfx Aqcsh

Year of construction: 2024, condition: new, Ease up your production with a Wattsan CW cleaning machine, continuous and with water-cooling. It can remove rust, paintwork, oil products, oxide coatings, welding scales, and carbon deposits from a variety of metals. This model features 1 type of cleaning seam. There are no consumables and no need for a significant amount of necessary space. Compact, portable laser cleaner that can work at any angle and in the most inaccessible places. The chiller is also built-in. The fiber length is 8 meters. The laser gun is lightweight and comfortable for long-term use. You can give our managers a call for additional details! Wattsan CW Cleaning machine characteristics: Dcsdpfx Aqoiicgkjcoh Cooling: water Laser power: 1000-3000 W Machine size: 880*560*1010 mm Laser source: JPT / Raycus Weight: 145 kg Virmer provides not only prime machines but also service and delivery. Our engineers and managers are ready to answer all of your questions and provide video assistance if required. Also, owners of Wattsan equipment get lifetime online support. Virmer is located in the Netherlands and works all over Europe. Virmer is Wattsan's official supplier. We provide not only laser engravers, but also metal cutters, welders, markers and cleaning machines. Wattsan is a Chinese manufacturer, which has been creating laser equipment for almost 15 years and keeps evolving with the help of its clients. Thanks to feedback Wattsan made over 50 modernizations, which made machines more reliable, precise and powerful so you could upgrade your business up to the new level. YOU CAN WRITE OR CALL US! WE WILL SELECT THE RIGHT MACHINE FOR YOUR TASK On our company you can find a wide range of machines and components: Laser Metal Cutting Machine; Laser Metal Machine, Fiber Metal Laser, Fiber Metal Laser Engraver; CNC laser machine for metal; Laser machine for wood; CNC laser machine; Laser engraving machine; Laser engraver; Laser cutting machine for plywood; Laser engraver; Laser cutting machine for metal; CNC milling machine; laser marker. Lenses; Chillers; Cooling system for machine; Chiller S&A ; IPG laser, MAX photonics, Raycus; Compressor; Rotary device; Mirror for laser machine.

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2024, Cleaning, welding, cutting, weld cleaning, and energy storage welding — the handheld laser welding machine can improve the efficiency of your production. It’s able to weld carbon, stainless steel, aluminum and titanium alloys, plastics, and various dissimilar materials. This laser welder is easy to operate and features a user-friendly interface. Wattsan Laser Welding includes a 10-meter cable, which allows you to operate freely. The gun weighs only 1 kg and includes an auto-wire feed. This model has 2 mirrors, 8 seam types and multiple types of weld clean. You can give our managers a call for additional details! Wattsan 5in1 G2 Pro characteristics: Cooling: water Laser power: 1500-3000 W Machine size: 1075x664x1055 mm Laser source: JPT / Raycus Weight: 235 kg Virmer provides not only prime machines but also service and delivery. Our engineers and managers are ready to answer all of your questions and provide video assistance if required. Also, owners of Wattsan equipment get lifetime online support. Virmer is located in the Netherlands and works all over Europe. Virmer is Wattsan's official supplier. We provide not only laser engravers, but also metal cutters, welders, markers and cleaning machines. Wattsan is a Chinese manufacturer, which has been creating laser equipment for almost 15 years and keeps evolving with the help of its clients. Thanks to feedback Wattsan made over 50 modernizations, which made machines more reliable, precise and powerful so you could upgrade your business up to the new level. Dodpferztrmsx Aqcsch YOU CAN WRITE OR CALL US! WE WILL SELECT THE RIGHT MACHINE FOR YOUR TASK On our website you can find a wide range of machines and components: Laser Metal Cutting Machine; Laser Metal Machine, Fiber Metal Laser, Fiber Metal Laser Engraver; CNC laser machine for metal; Laser machine for wood; CNC laser machine; Laser engraving machine; Laser engraver; Laser cutting machine for plywood; Laser engraver; Laser cutting machine for metal; CNC milling machine; laser marker. Lenses; Chillers; Cooling system for machine; Chiller S&A ; IPG laser, MAX photonics, Raycus; Compressor; Rotary device; Mirror for laser machine.

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2024, Cleaning, welding, cutting, and weld cleaning — the handheld laser welding machine can improve the efficiency of your production. It’s able to weld carbon, stainless steel, aluminum and titanium alloys, plastics, and various dissimilar materials. This laser welder is easy to operate and features a user-friendly interface. Wattsan Laser Welding includes a 10-meter cable, which allows you to operate freely. The gun weighs only 1 kg and includes an auto-wire feed. This model has 1 mirror and 1 seam type. You can give our managers a call for additional details! Wattsan Welding machine characteristics: Cooling: water Laser power: 1500-3000 W Machine size: 1075x664x1055 mm Laser source: JPT / Raycus Weight: 235 kg Dsdpfx Aqeiichhscsch Virmer provides not only prime machines but also service and delivery. Our engineers and managers are ready to answer all of your questions and provide video assistance if required. Also, owners of Wattsan equipment get lifetime online support. Virmer is located in the Netherlands and works all over Europe. Virmer is Wattsan's official supplier. We provide not only laser engravers, but also metal cutters, welders, markers and cleaning machines. Wattsan is a Chinese manufacturer, which has been creating laser equipment for almost 15 years and keeps evolving with the help of its clients. Thanks to feedback Wattsan made over 50 modernizations, which made machines more reliable, precise and powerful so you could upgrade your business up to the new level. YOU CAN WRITE OR CALL US! WE WILL SELECT THE RIGHT MACHINE FOR YOUR TASK On our website you can find a wide range of machines and components: Laser Metal Cutting Machine; Laser Metal Machine, Fiber Metal Laser, Fiber Metal Laser Engraver; CNC laser machine for metal; Laser machine for wood; CNC laser machine; Laser engraving machine; Laser engraver; Laser cutting machine for plywood; Laser engraver; Laser cutting machine for metal; CNC milling machine; laser marker. Lenses; Chillers; Cooling system for machine; Chiller S&A ; IPG laser, MAX photonics, Raycus; Compressor; Rotary device; Mirror for laser machine.

Year of construction: 2024, condition: new, The Wattsan 100W is a brand-new portable laser metal cleaning machine. This model has 1 mirror and 1 seam type. Due to its air cooling system, the machine is quite small in size. It’s quiet, fast and easy to use. Djder Hbwkopfx Aqcjch It is ideal for removing rust, paint, petrochemicals, oxide layers, welding scales, carbon deposits, etc. from metal items. This portable machine can also clean adhesive and galvanised materials as well as plaster and stone products. Thanks to pulse cleaning, this machine can clean thick layers of rust, paint, petroleum products, oxide films, scale and carbon deposits from metals without heating or damaging it. You can give our managers a call for additional details! Wattsan Cleaning 100 W machine characteristics: Cooling: Air Laser power: 100 W Machine size: 750x600x680 mm Laser source: JPT Weight: 46 kg Virmer provides not only prime machines but also service and delivery. Our engineers and managers are ready to answer all of your questions and provide video assistance if required. Also, owners of Wattsan equipment get lifetime online support. Virmer is located in the Netherlands and works all over Europe. Virmer is Wattsan's official supplier. We provide not only laser engravers, but also metal cutters, welders, markers and cleaning machines. Wattsan is a Chinese manufacturer, which has been creating laser equipment for almost 15 years and keeps evolving with the help of its clients. Thanks to feedback Wattsan made over 50 modernizations, which made machines more reliable, precise and powerful so you could upgrade your business up to the new level. YOU CAN WRITE OR CALL US! WE WILL SELECT THE RIGHT MACHINE FOR YOUR TASK On our company you can find a wide range of machines and components: Laser Metal Cutting Machine; Laser Metal Machine, Fiber Metal Laser, Fiber Metal Laser Engraver; CNC laser machine for metal; Laser machine for wood; CNC laser machine; Laser engraving machine; Laser engraver; Laser cutting machine for plywood; Laser engraver; Laser cutting machine for metal; CNC milling machine; laser marker. Lenses; Chillers; Cooling system for machine; Chiller S&A ; IPG laser, MAX photonics, Raycus; Compressor; Rotary device; Mirror for laser machine.

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2024, Cleaning, welding, cutting, and weld cleaning — the handheld laser welding machine can improve the efficiency of your production. It’s able to weld carbon, stainless steel, aluminum and titanium alloys, plastics, and various dissimilar materials. This laser welder is easy to operate and features a user-friendly interface. Wattsan Laser Welding includes a 10-meter cable, which allows you to operate freely. The gun weighs only 1 kg and includes an auto-wire feed. This model has 2 mirrors, 8 seam types. You can give our managers a call for additional details! Wattsan 4in1 G2 characteristics: Cooling: water Laser power: 1500-3000 W Machine size: 1075x664x1055 mm Laser source: JPT / Raycus Weight: 235 kg Virmer provides not only prime machines but also service and delivery. Our engineers and managers are ready to answer all of your questions and provide video assistance if required. Also, owners of Wattsan equipment get lifetime online support. Virmer is located in the Netherlands and works all over Europe. Virmer is Wattsan's official supplier. We provide not only laser engravers, but also metal cutters, welders, markers and cleaning machines. Wattsan is a Chinese manufacturer, which has been creating laser equipment for almost 15 years and keeps evolving with the help of its clients. Thanks to feedback Wattsan made over 50 modernizations, which made machines more reliable, precise and powerful so you could upgrade your business up to the new level. YOU CAN WRITE OR CALL US! WE WILL SELECT THE RIGHT MACHINE FOR YOUR TASK On our website you can find a wide range of machines and components: Laser Metal Cutting Machine; Laser Metal Machine, Fiber Metal Laser, Fiber Metal Laser Engraver; CNC laser machine for metal; Laser machine for wood; CNC laser machine; Laser engraving machine; Laser engraver; Laser cutting machine for plywood; Laser engraver; Laser cutting machine for metal; CNC milling machine; laser marker. Lenses; Chillers; Cooling system for machine; Chiller S&A ; IPG laser, MAX photonics, Raycus; Compressor; Rotary device; Mirror for laser machine. Dedpfxorztdrs Aqcsch

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2024, The Wattsan 200W is a brand-new portable laser metal cleaning machine. Due to its air cooling system, the machine is quite small in size. It’s quiet, fast and easy to use even for a begginer. It is ideal for removing rust, paint, petrochemicals, oxide layers, welding scales, carbon deposits, etc. from metal items. This portable machine can also clean adhesive and galvanised materials as well as plaster and stone products. Thanks to pulse cleaning, this machine can clean thick layers of rust, paint, petroleum products, oxide films, scale and carbon deposits from metals without heating or damaging it. You can give our managers a call for additional details! Wattsan Cleaning 200 W machine characteristics: Cooling: Air Laser power: 200 W Machine size: 750x600x680 mm Laser source: JPT Weight: 46 kg Virmer provides not only prime machines but also service and delivery. Our engineers and managers are ready to answer all of your questions and provide video assistance if required. Also, owners of Wattsan equipment get lifetime online support. Virmer is located in the Netherlands and works all over Europe. Virmer is Wattsan's official supplier. We provide not only laser engravers, but also metal cutters, welders, markers and cleaning machines. Wattsan is a Chinese manufacturer, which has been creating laser equipment for almost 15 years and keeps evolving with the help of its clients. Thanks to feedback Wattsan made over 50 modernizations, which made machines more reliable, precise and powerful so you could upgrade your business up to the new level. YOU CAN WRITE OR CALL US! WE WILL SELECT THE RIGHT MACHINE FOR YOUR TASK On our company you can find a wide range of machines and components: Laser Metal Cutting Machine; Laser Metal Machine, Fiber Metal Laser, Fiber Metal Laser Engraver; CNC laser machine for metal; Laser machine for wood; CNC laser machine; Laser engraving machine; Laser engraver; Laser cutting machine for plywood; Laser engraver; Laser cutting machine for metal; CNC milling machine; laser marker. Lenses; Chillers; Cooling system for machine; Chiller S&A ; IPG laser, MAX photonics, Raycus; Compressor; Rotary device; Mirror for laser machine. Dcsdpfx Ajr Hbx Tjqcsh

Year of construction: 2019, condition: ready for operation (used), An automatic Munder blow-off system for cleaning cylindrical air filter cartridges is available. Compressed air supply: 6bar-8bar, quality: 5, nozzle pressure: 6bar, volumetric flow rate: 190m³/h, vacuum: 20kPa, max. filter height: 1400mm, max. filter diameter: 540mm. Documentation available. An on-site inspection is possible. Expected to be available June 2026. Dedpsyuyu Nsfx Aqcjch

Condition: used, functionality: unexamined, Year of construction: 2012, Available for shipment. Machine is operational condition. Ask for additional information including photos and pricing! Djdpfx Asyup R Teqcsch

Year of construction: 2015, condition: good (used), machine/vehicle number: 31650, Used cleaning machine Dsdpfx Ajv Htn Ajqcjch Make: MTM Type: RoJet Year of manufacture: 2015

Condition: used, Column Drilling Machine ALZMETALL Type AB 3 ESV Machine No. 15967 Year of manufacture 1977 Dcjdpfx Asharwvsqceh Drilling capacity: 32 mm Spindle taper: MT 3 – short quill Distance spindle nose – table: 545 mm (short quill) Distance spindle adapter – table: 395 mm (MT adapter) Throat: 290 mm Quill stroke: 160 mm Table size: Ø 545 mm Column diameter: 220 mm Spindle speed: 55 – 1450 rpm, stepless Motor power: 1 / 1.6 kW Supply voltage: 380 Volt, 50 Hz - Spindle speed via 2 gearbox stages, 2 motor speeds and stepless through variable-speed drive - Intermediate gear stage for high torque at low speeds - MT adapter from MT3 to MT4 - Automatic feed 0.1 – 0.2 – 0.3 mm/rev - Swiveling drill table - Table height adjustment via hand crank - Heavy machine base with machined workpiece support surface (not original Alzmetall) - Work area lighting Space required (L x W x H): 1150 x 650 x 2000 mm Weight: 850 kg Good condition

Condition: new, functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2026, fuel type: electric, drive type: Elektro, sweeping width: 1,100 mm, Sweeping and vacuuming machine Condition: New device Technical condition: New Dodpfx Aerqqv Hjqcjch Battery voltage: 24V Battery capacity: 180Ah Battery type: Gel Battery year: 2024 Battery condition: 80 - 100% Description: New device with 12 months warranty

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, functionality: fully functional, fuel type: electric, drive type: Elektro, sweeping width: 1,100 mm, Sweeping and suction machine Condition: New unit Technical condition: New Battery voltage: 24V Battery type: Lithium-ion Dsdpexmb Slefx Aqcsch Battery year: 2024 Battery condition: 80 - 100% Description: New unit with 12-month warranty, water spray system for side brushes, warning beacon.

Year of construction: 2007, condition: used, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 8340120611, The tools on the machine are for Kommerling PVC profiles. Dcodpfx Aqsyviaroceh

Condition: excellent (used), Rosink RFL Front Loader - Powerful water-based cleaning - Modular system - Cleaning of tall and long components - Easy operation, compact design - Low-maintenance operation - Base unit in stainless steel - Environmentally friendly Concept With the Rosink RFL front loader, we offer you an economical and user-friendly solution – especially suitable for cleaning tall components. The proven Rosink cleaning technology and the highest quality are thus combined in one system. The system is based on a single-bath system, standard with a rotary table, which can be expanded to a multi-bath system upon request. Within the wash chamber, various programs can run depending on the configuration and requirements, such as washing, rinsing, drying, etc. Features Basic unit in stainless steel 1.4301 Tank with sloping bottom Tanks and wash chamber including cladding and insulation Rotary drive with 4-point bearing Pneumatic lifting door with two-hand safety operation Transport trolley or loading table with stainless steel 1.4301 drip tray Dcodpfx Asx Exuqsqceh Pre-filtration via return filter baskets with usable height Selectable filter element: 200 μm or 500 μm Operating panel at the front with PLC for control (5 programs storable) Flat jet nozzle system entirely in stainless steel 1.4301 Automatic refilling system with bath level control Maintenance and inspection hatches for wash and rinse tanks Technical Data RFL 1650, variable depending on configuration Width: 2900 mm Height closed/open: 2800/4500 mm Depth without/with transport trolley: 2650/4500 mm Grid load capacity: 1000 kg Grid dimensions: 1320 x 1320 mm Grid diagonal: 1650 mm Connection voltage: 400 V, 50 Hz, 3Ph/N/PE Control voltage: 24 V / DC Washing capacity: 750 l Rinsing capacity: 500 l Pump capacity (washing): 7.5 kW at 630 l/min at 4.5 bar Pump capacity (rinsing): 4 kW at 250 l/min at 5.5 bar Drying capacity: 12 kW Heating capacity (cleaner): 36 kW Heating capacity (rinsing): 27 kW Weight: 3600 kg Financing through our bank is also possible. komplett-konzept.leasingo.de Find more items – new and used – in our shop! International shipping costs on request!

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2004, travel distance X-axis: 6,000 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 2,500 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 1,400 mm, CNC HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 X-AXIS STROKE 6000 MM Y-AXIS STROKE 1400 MM Z-AXIS STROKE (VERTICAL) 2500 MM SPINDLE CONNECTION ISO 50 DIN 69871-B50 SPINDLE SPEED 5000 RPM MOTOR POWER S1 37 KW - S6 56 KW AUTOMATIC INDEX HEAD 1 ° X 2.5 ° TOOL CHANGER 40 PLACES COOLANT TROUGH THE SPINDLE AND EXTERNAL CHIP CONVEYOR Dodpfx Aqoxhqivscsch ANCHORING PLATE 8000 X 2000 MM PERIMETER PROTECTIONS

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2007, travel distance X-axis: 6,000 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 2,000 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 1,250 mm, rotational speed (max.): 5,000 rpm, SPINDLE TAPER ISO 50 X LONG. TRAVEL MM.6000 Z SADDLE TRAVEL MM.1250 Y VERTICAL TRAVEL MM.2000 SPINDLE SPEED RPM.5000 FEEDS MM/MIN.8000 Dcjdswz H Rfopfx Aqcoh SPINDLE MOTOR POWER KW. 37 CNC HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 REMOTE HAND WEEL FLOOR PLATES 7000x2000- 15 TON/MQ. TABLE 1080 X 7220 X H 820 MM ATC.40 CHIP CONVEYOR ROTATING HEAD IN CONTINUOUS TUPC 0,001°x0,001° COOLANT THROUGH THE SPINDLE 20bar FUNCTION RTCP FPT AUTOCAL EXTERNAL COOLANT TANK HEIGH & LOW PRESSURE WITH PAPER FILTER N.2 AUTOMATIC HORIZONTAL DIVIDERS WITH 2 SUPPORT TABLES N.1 PIECE PROBE

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1995, travel distance X-axis: 10,000 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 2,600 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 600 mm, spindle speed (max.): 1,950 rpm, feed length W-axis: 700 mm, quill diameter: 140 mm, cnc SELCA 3045 X AXIS STROKE 10000 MM Y AXIS STROKE 2600 MM Z AXIS RAM STROKE 600 MM W AXIS QUILL STROKE 700 MM SPINDLE DIAMETER 140 Dcjdpfswnqnusx Aqceh SPINDLE CONNECTION ISO 50 SPINDLE MOTOR POWER 53 KW ROTATION SPEED 6 - 1950 MM ROTARY TABLE TABLE 2000 X 1600 MM CAPACITY 10 TON STROKE AXIS V 2100 MM AUTOMATIC BI-ROTATIVE HEAD UNIVERSAL TUAR 25 PICK UP HEADS INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL COOLANT 60-Place TOOL CHANGE CHIP CONVEYOR ANCHORING PLANE 2500 X 6000 MM HYDROSTATIC X-AXIS RAM WITH HYDROSTATIC GUIDE ON 4 SIDES

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2005, X AXIS TRAVEL: 10000 MM Y AXIS TRAVEL: 4000 MM Z AXIS TRAVEL (RAM): 1000 MM W AXIS TRAVEL (SPINDLE): 800 MM TOTAL Z + W AXIS TRAVEL: 1800 MM SPINDLE DIAMETER 160 MM SPINDLE MOTOR POWER 40 KW SPINDLE RPM: 3000 RPM SPINDLE TAPER ISO 50 DIN 69871/1A NR 02 SPEED RANGE RAM DIMENSIONS: 460 X 520 MM RAPID FEEDING 20000 MM/MIN ROTARY TRANSLATION TABLE MODEL MG 50 OF 2500 x 3500 mm , load 50 ton , 360000 position 0,001° stroke 2000 mm HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 CNC TOOL CHANGER 40 PLACES Dcodpfxjup Dclj Aqcsh MANUAL UNIVERSAL HEAD ANCHOR PLATE 6000 X 2000 X 300 MM EXTERNAL REFRIGERATION TOTAL INSTALLED POWER 110 KVA YEAR : 2005